以西结书第18章

《圣经》以西结书-第18章

结18:1 耶和华的话又临到我说：

†[吕]永恒主的话又传与我说：

†[思]上主的话传给我说：“

†[当代]主的话临到我说：

†[新译]耶和华的话临到我说：

†[Wlb]耶和华谕我曰、

†[Xdv]上主对我说话；

†[Kjv]The word of the LORD came unto me again, saying,

†[Nkjv]The word of the LORD came to me again, saying,

†[BBE]The word of the Lord came to me again, saying,

†[GNT] The Lord spoke to me

†[NIV]The word of the LORD came to me:

本会注释　　这个新的段落涉及个人的责任。以西结已反复强调即将会有惩罚临到，希望百姓能够悔改。但由于对这些惩罚的错误理解，主的善意受到了抵制。百姓认为自己是无辜的，却因父辈的罪而受苦，所以悔罪既无必要，也没有用处。他们不想承认自己的罪和个人的责任。

结18:2 “你们在以色列地怎么用这俗语说‘父亲吃了酸葡萄，儿子的牙酸倒了’呢？” (串)耶31:29

†[吕]“论到以色列地你们怎么用这俗语说：‘父亲吃了酸葡萄，儿子的牙酸倒了’呢？

†[思]在以色列地区内，你们有这样流行的俗话说：‘祖先吃了酸葡萄，而子孙的牙酸倒’这话有什么意思？

†[当代]“以色列地有一句俗语说：‘父亲吃了酸葡萄，儿子的牙酸倒了。’这是什么意思呢？

†[新译]“论到以色列地，你们为什么引用这俗语说：‘父亲吃了酸葡萄，儿子的牙酸倒了’呢？

†[Wlb]尔论以色列地、奚用谚云、父食酸葡萄、而子齿软、

†[Xdv]他说：“以色列境内流传的这句俗语是什么意思？他们说：父亲吃了酸葡萄，儿子的牙齿酸坏了。”

†[Kjv]What mean ye, that ye use this proverb concerning the land of Israel, saying, The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge?

†[Nkjv]"What do you mean when you use this proverb concerning the land of Israel, saying: "The fathers have eaten sour grapes, And the children's teeth are set on edge'?

†[BBE]Why do you make use of this saying about the land of Israel, The fathers have been tasting bitter grapes and the children's teeth are on edge?

†[GNT] and said, "What is this proverb people keep repeating in the land of Israel? "The parents ate the sour grapes, But the children got the sour taste.'

†[NIV]What do you people mean by quoting this proverb about the land of Israel: " 'The fathers eat sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge'?

本会注释　　 “俗语”一词说明这句话很流行。原文动词的时态说明它们经常被引用。耶利米曾提到和责备这一句俗语（耶31:29,30）。父亲的酸葡萄代表他们自己的罪。儿子的牙根发酸象征犹太人觉得自己因父辈的罪而受苦。从表面上看，这句俗语与第二条诫命的话相似：父辈的罪要向子女追讨（出20:5；出34:7；申5:9）。那以西结为什么要强烈地谴责它呢？以西结的话和律法涉及问题的两个不同侧面。以西结时代的人说自己因父辈的罪而受苦。律法所说的则是堕落倾向的传承。“儿女不可避免地要受到父母罪行的影响。但他们不会因父母的罪而受到处罚，除非他们参与父母的罪行”（《先祖与先知》第306页）。
　　亚当和夏娃的品性因罪恶而堕落败坏。父母不可能把自己所没有的遗传给儿女（见《善恶之争》第533页）。我们作为他们的后裔，品尝了父辈犯罪的后果，但他们的罪绝不会转嫁到我们身上。若是这样，那真是不公平了。要使我们不品尝了父辈犯罪的后果，唯一可行的方法就是在人类第一次犯罪时把他们消灭。这就可以消除不公平话柄了。但救恩计划的启动需要让我们的始祖继续活下来，这就必然产生遗传的问题。然而鉴于救恩计划的设立，这种情况也是公正的。因为这项计划会使人最终摆脱父辈所遗传的堕落的情欲，败坏的道德、肉体的疾病和退化。它也会帮助我们在今生克服先天和后天的犯罪倾向。其最终利益不但是拯救了无数的人，而且永远防止了将来的犯罪。以西结的同胞不理解这个真理，反而错误地指责上帝为他们所没有犯的罪而惩罚他们。

结18:3 主耶和华说：“我指着我的永生起誓，你们在以色列中，必不再有用这俗语的因由。

†[吕]主永恒主发神谕说：我指着永活的我来起誓：这俗语必不可再在以色列中给你们使用了。

†[思]我指着我的生命起誓──吾主上主的断语──在以色列决不能再容许这俗话流行。

†[当代]我指著我永生起誓，以色列必不再用这句话，

†[新译]我指着我的永生起誓：你们在以色列中必不再引用这俗语了。这是主耶和华的话。

†[Wlb]主耶和华曰、我指己生而誓、尔在以色列中、勿复用此谚、

†[Xdv]至高的上主这样说：“我指着我永恒的生命发誓：以色列境内绝不再流传这句俗语。

†[Kjv]As I live, saith the Lord GOD, ye shall not have occasion any more to use this proverb in Israel.

†[Nkjv]"As I live," says the Lord GOD, "you shall no longer use this proverb in Israel.

†[BBE]By my life, says the Lord, you will no longer have this saying in Israel.

†[GNT] "As surely as I am the living God," says the Sovereign Lord, "you will not repeat this proverb in Israel any more.

†[NIV]As surely as I live, declares the Sovereign LORD , you will no longer quote this proverb in Israel.

结18:4 看哪，世人都是属我的；为父的怎样属我，为子的也照样属我；犯罪的，他必死亡。 (串)本章20罗6:23

†[吕]看哪，世人都是属我的：为父的人怎样属我，为子的也怎样属我：只有犯罪的人、才必须死。

†[思]所有的生命都属于我，祖先的生命与子孙的生命全属于我；谁犯罪，谁丧亡。

†[当代]因为所有人都是属于我的，无论父子都要受到我的审判；犯罪的人，都要担当自己的罪。”

†[新译]看哪！所有的人都是属我的，作父亲的怎样属我，作儿子的也怎样属我，唯独犯罪的，才会灭亡。

†[Wlb]诸灵属我、父之灵属我、子之灵亦然、惟犯罪者必死、

†[Xdv]每一个人的生命都是我的；无论是父母或儿女的生命都属于我。谁犯了罪，谁就该死。

†[Kjv]Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die.

†[Nkjv]"Behold, all souls are Mine; The soul of the father As well as the soul of the son is Mine; The soul who sins shall die.

†[BBE]See, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so the soul of the son is mine: death will be the fate of the sinner's soul.

†[GNT] The life of every person belongs to me, the life of the parent as well as that of the child. The person who sins is the one who will die.

†[NIV]For every living soul belongs to me, the father as well as the son-both alike belong to me. The soul who sins is the one who will die.

本会注释　　世人都是属我的。因为上帝是创造之主。大家都是祂所造的。祂绝不偏待他们。祂爱人类，并愿意拯救所有的人。祂只在罪有应得之时才进行处罚。
　　犯罪的。虽然以西结主要是在论述迫近的惩罚，但他的话还有更深远的含义，同样适用于最终不可避免的第二次死亡（启20:14；参照太10:28）。上帝所恢复的宇宙将消除罪恶的一切痕迹。所有咒诅的标志都不会保留，如在永存的地狱里有恶人受永火的煎熬等。上帝对罪恶的胜利是完全的。恶人永远受苦的说法是完全违背圣经的。这种教义的依据就是灵魂不灭的错误前提。但这种看法不是来自圣经，而是来自早期潜入犹太人和基督徒思想的虚假哲学观念。“灵魂”（nephesh）一词不是指人体中不朽的部分，甚至也不是指人体中生命的原理，而只是指“人”或“自己”而已。nephesh 说明人是独立的个体，不同于其他的个体。圣经在强调这一点时，称人为 “灵”。以西结在这里宣布：“犯罪的，他必死亡。”关于nephesh ，详见@诗16:10@注释。

结18:5 “人若是公义，且行正直与合理的事：

†[吕]“人若是公义，行公平正义的事，

†[思]一个人若正义，必行公道正义的事。

†[当代]“倘若有正直人秉公行义：

†[新译]“人若是公义，又行公道和正直的事：

†[Wlb]人若为义、循法合理、

†[Xdv]“假定有一个诚实、公正的好人，

†[Kjv]But if a man be just, and do that which is lawful and right,

†[Nkjv]But if a man is just And does what is lawful and right;

†[BBE]But if a man is upright, living rightly and doing righteousness,

†[GNT] "Suppose there is a truly good man, righteous and honest.

†[NIV]Suppose there is a righteous man who does what is just and right.

本会注释　　参弥6:8。

结18:6 未曾在山上吃过祭偶像之物，未曾仰望以色列家的偶像，未曾玷污邻舍的妻，未曾在妇人的经期内亲近她， (串)结22:9|利18:20;20:10|利18:19;20:18

†[吕]不在山上吃祭偶像之物（稍点窜作：吃带血之物），不举目瞻仰以色列家的偶像，不玷污邻舍的妻，不亲近经期污秽中的妇人，

†[思]他不上山吃祭物，不举目瞻仰以色列家族的偶像，不污辱近人的妻子，不接近经期中的妇女，

†[当代]不上山上的庙宇里吃祭物，不举目瞻仰以色列的神像；不污辱别人的妻子，不亲近经期中的妇女；

†[新译]他不在山上吃祭肉，眼目也不仰望以色列家的偶像，不玷污邻舍的妻子，不亲近在经期中的妇人；

†[Wlb]未食于山、未瞻仰以色列家之偶像、未污其邻之妻、未近天癸之妇、

†[Xdv]他不拜以色列人的偶像，不在山上神庙吃祭肉，不诱别人的妻子，不跟经期中的女子同房，

†[Kjv]And hath not eaten upon the mountains, neither hath lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, neither hath defiled his neighbour's wife, neither hath come near to a menstruous woman,

†[Nkjv]If he has not eaten on the mountains, Nor lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, Nor defiled his neighbor's wife, Nor approached a woman during her impurity;

†[BBE]And has not taken flesh with the blood for food, or given worship to the images of the children of Israel; if he has not had connection with his neighbour's wife, or come near to a woman at the time when she is unclean;

†[GNT] He doesn't worship the idols of the Israelites or eat the sacrifices offered at forbidden shrines. He doesn't seduce another man's wife or have intercourse with a woman during her period.

†[NIV]He does not eat at the mountain shrines or look to the idols of the house of Israel. He does not defile his neighbor's wife or lie with a woman during her period.

本会注释　　在山上吃过。就是吃献给异教之神的祭品。上帝严厉禁止参加异教的宴席（结16:16；22:9；参申12:2）。
　　仰望。可能指渴望拜偶像（见创19:26；太5:28-30）。
　　玷污。见出20:14；利20:10。
　　亲近。见利18:19；20:18。

结18:7 未曾亏负人，乃将欠债之人的当头还给他；未曾抢夺人的物件，却将食物给饥饿的人吃，将衣服给赤身的人穿； (串)出22:21利25:14|出22:26申24:12-13|申15:7-8赛58:7太25:35-36

†[吕]不亏负人，总把债务的当头交还；他不抢夺人的物件，却将自己的食物给了饥饿的人，将衣服给赤身裸体的人遮身；

†[思]不欺压任何人，清还债户的抵押，不抢劫，施给饿者食物，给赤身者衣穿，

†[当代]不欺压欠债的人，却交还债户的抵押；不抢夺财物，却施舍食物给饥饿的人，赠送衣服给衣不蔽体的人；

†[新译]不欺压任何人，把欠债人的抵押归还；他不抢夺人的物件，却把自己的食物给饥饿的人，把衣服给赤身的人穿着；

†[Wlb]未欺凌人、反负者之质、不夺人之物、饥者供以食、裸者被以衣、

†[Xdv]不欺诈，不抢劫。他把抵押品还给债务人，拿东西给饥饿的人吃，拿衣服给赤裸的人穿。

†[Kjv]And hath not oppressed any, but hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath spoiled none by violence, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;

†[Nkjv]If he has not oppressed anyone, But has restored to the debtor his pledge; Has robbed no one by violence, But has given his bread to the hungry And covered the naked with clothing;

†[BBE]And has done no wrong to any, but has given back to the debtor what is his, and has taken no one's goods by force, and has given food to him who was in need of it, and clothing to him who was without it;

†[GNT] He doesn't cheat or rob anyone. He returns what a borrower gives him as security; he feeds the hungry and gives clothing to the naked.

†[NIV]He does not oppress anyone, but returns what he took in pledge for a loan. He does not commit robbery but gives his food to the hungry and provides clothing for the naked.

本会注释　　当头。见出22:26；申24:6,13。
　　将食物给饥饿的人。这是经常表扬的美德（见伯31:16-22；赛58:5-7；太25:34-46；雅1:27；2:15,16）。

结18:8 未曾向借钱的弟兄取利，也未曾向借粮的弟兄多要，缩手不作罪孽，在两人之间，按至理判断； (串)出22:25利25:36-37申23:19|申1:16亚8:16

†[吕]他不为了利息而把钱借给人，也不索取物资利；不公道的事他总缩手不作，在人与人之间他总实行真正的公平；

†[思]不放重利，不取息金，使自己的手远避邪恶，在人与人之间执行公正的审断，

†[当代]不放债取利，不作奸犯科，却以公平待人；

†[新译]他借东西给人不取利息，也不多要，他使自己的手远离罪恶，在人与人之间施行诚实的判断；

†[Wlb]贷金不取利息、禁手作恶、以诚实鞫两造、

†[Xdv]他借钱给人不取利息，不做邪恶的事，公正处理纠纷。

†[Kjv]He that hath not given forth upon usury, neither hath taken any increase, that hath withdrawn his hand from iniquity, hath executed true judgment between man and man,

†[Nkjv]If he has not exacted usury Nor taken any increase, But has withdrawn his hand from iniquity And executed true judgment between man and man;

†[BBE]And has not given his money out at interest or taken great profits, and, turning his hand from evil-doing, has kept faith between man and man,

†[GNT] He doesn't lend money for profit. He refuses to do evil and gives an honest decision in any dispute.

†[NIV]He does not lend at usury or take excessive interest. He withholds his hand from doing wrong and judges fairly between man and man.

本会注释　　取利。指任何数量的利息。摩西的律法禁止犹太人向“渐渐穷乏”的弟兄取利，但允许向外国人取利（见@出22:25@注释；见申23:19,20）。
　　按至理判断。见赛33:15；耶7:5；亚7:9。上帝要求对所有的人都公平，诚实和公正。

结18:9 遵行我的律例，谨守我的典章，按诚实行事。这人是公义的，必定存活。这是主耶和华说的。 (串)结20:11摩5:4

†[吕]我的律例他总遵行，我的典章他总谨守，而实行它──这样的人是公义的，他必定活着：这是主永恒主发神谕说的。

†[思]遵行我的法度，谨守我的诫命，行事忠信：这样的人是正义的，必得生存──吾主的断语──

†[当代]遵守我的律例，谨守我的典章。这样的人是正直的，他当然能生存，这是主说的。”

†[新译]他遵行我的律例，谨守我的典章，行事诚实，这人是个义人，他必定存活。这是主耶和华的宣告。

†[Wlb]循我典章、守我律例、行事诚实、斯乃义人、必得生存、主耶和华言之矣、

†[Xdv]这种人服从我的诫命，谨慎遵行我的法律。他就是好人；他一定存活。”至高的上主这样宣布了。

†[Kjv]Hath walked in my statutes, and hath kept my judgments, to deal truly; he is just, he shall surely live, saith the Lord GOD.

†[Nkjv]If he has walked in My statutes And kept My judgments faithfully-- He is just; He shall surely live!" Says the Lord GOD.

†[BBE]And has been guided by my rules and has kept my laws and done them: he is upright, life will certainly be his, says the Lord.

†[GNT] Such a man obeys my commands and carefully keeps my laws. He is righteous, and he will live," says the Sovereign Lord.

†[NIV]He follows my decrees and faithfully keeps my laws. That man is righteous; he will surely live, declares the Sovereign LORD .

本会注释　　以西结的这句话无疑主要指今生暂时的兴旺，但也同样适用于将来的永生。人接受了基督，就是接受了永生。耶稣过：“信的人有永生”（约6:47；参约壹5:11,12）。“基督与我们成为一体，使我们与祂成为一个灵。正是因为这种联合，我们才得以从坟墓里出来——不仅显明基督的大能，而且因着信，祂的生命已成为我们的生命”（《历代愿望》第388页）。

结18:10 “他若生一个儿子，作强盗，是流人血的，不行以上所说之善，反行其中之恶，乃在山上吃过祭偶像之物，并玷污邻舍的妻， (串)创9:6民35:33

†[吕]“他若生个儿子、是凶暴人、流人血的，唉，以上任何一件恶事他都行了，

†[思]倘若这人生了一个儿子，性暴好杀，只行这类的事；

†[当代]“倘若这人生了一个不肖子，凶残暴戾，无恶不作：

†[新译]“他若是生一个儿子，是个强暴的人，流人的血，又向兄弟行上述任何一件恶事

†[Wlb]设其人生子为盗、而流人血、行上所言之恶、

†[Xdv]“假定这个人有一个儿子，他抢劫、杀人，做他父亲从来没有做过的坏事。他在山上神庙吃祭肉，诱别人的妻子。

†[Kjv]If he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that doeth the like to any one of these things,

†[Nkjv]"If he begets a son who is a robber Or a shedder of blood, Who does any of these things

†[BBE]If he has a son who is a thief, a taker of life, who does any of these things,

†[GNT] "Then suppose this man has a son who robs and kills, who does any of these things

†[NIV]Suppose he has a violent son, who sheds blood or does any of these other things

本会注释　　第10-13节描写一个儿子没有效法父母虔诚的榜样，却逆道而行，抛弃美德，放纵罪恶。

结18:11 －

†[吕]而那些善事他却不行，因为他也在山上吃了祭偶像之物，他邻舍的妻他也玷污了；

†[思]对上述的事不但不作，反而上山吃祭物，污辱近人的妻子，

†[当代]不遵行上帝的律法，常入庙宇吃祭假神之物，污辱别人的妻子，

†[新译]（虽然他父亲并没有作这样的事）：他在山上吃祭肉，又玷污邻舍的妻子；

†[Wlb]不行上所言之善、食于山、污其邻之妻、

†[Xdv]－

†[Kjv]And that doeth not any of those duties, but even hath eaten upon the mountains, and defiled his neighbour's wife,

†[Nkjv]And does none of those duties, But has eaten on the mountains Or defiled his neighbor's wife;

†[BBE]Who has taken flesh with the blood as food, and has had connection with his neighbour's wife,

†[GNT] that the father never did. He eats sacrifices offered at forbidden shrines and seduces other men's wives.

†[NIV]though the father has done none of them): "He eats at the mountain shrines. He defiles his neighbor's wife.

结18:12 亏负困苦和穷乏的人，抢夺人的物，未曾将当头还给人，仰望偶像，并行可憎的事， (串)结8:6,17

†[吕]困苦贫穷的人他给亏负了，人的物件他抢夺了，当头他没还给人，偶像他举目瞻仰了，可厌恶的事他行了，

†[思]欺压贫穷无告的人，抢劫，不清还抵押，举目瞻仰偶像，行丑恶之事，

†[当代]欺压贫穷困苦的人，抢夺财物，扣留债户的抵押品，仰赖假神，作奸犯科，

†[新译]他欺压困苦和贫穷的人，抢夺人的物件，没有把抵押品归还，眼目仰望偶像，并行可憎的事；

†[Wlb]欺凌贫乏、夺人之物、不反人之质、瞻仰偶像、行可恶之事、

†[Xdv]他欺诈穷人，抢劫，扣押债务人的抵押品。他到异教的神庙去拜可恶的偶像，

†[Kjv]Hath oppressed the poor and needy, hath spoiled by violence, hath not restored the pledge, and hath lifted up his eyes to the idols, hath committed abomination,

†[Nkjv]If he has oppressed the poor and needy, Robbed by violence, Not restored the pledge, Lifted his eyes to the idols, Or committed abomination;

†[BBE]Has done wrong to the poor and to him who is in need, and taken property by force, and has not given back to one in his debt what is his, and has given worship to images and has done disgusting things,

†[GNT] He cheats the poor, he robs, he keeps what a borrower gives him as security. He goes to pagan shrines, worships disgusting idols,

†[NIV]He oppresses the poor and needy. He commits robbery. He does not return what he took in pledge. He looks to the idols. He does detestable things.

结18:13 向借钱的弟兄取利，向借粮的弟兄多要，这人岂能存活呢？他必不能存活。他行这一切可憎的事，必要死亡，他的罪（原文作血）必归到他身上。 (串)利20:9,11-13,16,27结3:18;33:4

†[吕]为了利息他把钱借给人，以索取物资利──这样的人哪能活着呢？他必不能活着；他行了这一切可厌恶之事，他必须死；流他血的罪必归到他自己身上。

†[思]放重利，取利息：这样的人决不能生存，因为他行了这些丑事，必要丧亡，他的血债必由他自己来负。

†[当代]放债取利。这样的人还能活著吗？不，他作恶多端，必定作法自毙，担当自己的血债。”

†[新译]他借东西给人要收利息，也向人多要，这样的人能存活吗？他必不能存活；他行了这一切可憎的事，必要灭亡；他的罪（“罪”原文作“血”）要归到他身上。

†[Wlb]贷金而取利息、斯人岂得生存乎、必不得生存也、既行此可恶之事、必至死亡、流血之罪、归于其身、

†[Xdv]为要收取利息而借钱给人。这种人能存活吗？不！他不能！他做了这一切可恶的事，他一定死；他是自取灭亡。

†[Kjv]Hath given forth upon usury, and hath taken increase: shall he then live? he shall not live: he hath done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him.

†[Nkjv]If he has exacted usury Or taken increase-- Shall he then live? He shall not live! If he has done any of these abominations, He shall surely die; His blood shall be upon him.

†[BBE]And has given out his money at interest and taken great profits: he will certainly not go on living: he has done all these disgusting things: death will certainly be his fate; his blood will be on him.

†[GNT] and lends money for profit. Will he live? No, he will not. He has done all these disgusting things, and so he will die. He will be to blame for his own death.

†[NIV]He lends at usury and takes excessive interest. Will such a man live? He will not! Because he has done all these detestable things, he will surely be put to death and his blood will be on his own head.

结18:14 “他若生一个儿子，见父亲所犯的一切罪便惧怕（有古卷作思量），不照样去做；

†[吕]“但是他若生个儿子，这儿子见他父亲所犯的一切罪，便惧怕，不照样去行；

†[思]倘若这人生了一个儿子，这儿子虽看见了他父亲所行的一切罪过，但考虑之后，却未依照去做；

†[当代]“倘若这恶人有一个好儿子，他见父亲的所作所为，不愿苟同。

†[新译]“他若生一个儿子，这儿子看见他父亲所犯的一切罪，他虽然看见了，却不照样去作：

†[Wlb]设斯人生子、见父所犯诸罪、则惧、而不效之、

†[Xdv]“假定这个人有一个儿子，他看见父亲一切的罪恶，却不随从父亲的坏榜样。

†[Kjv]Now, lo, if he beget a son, that seeth all his father's sins which he hath done, and considereth, and doeth not such like,

†[Nkjv]"If, however, he begets a son Who sees all the sins which his father has done, And considers but does not do likewise;

†[BBE]Now if he has a son who sees all his father's sins which he has done, and in fear does not do the same:

†[GNT] "Now suppose this second man has a son. He sees all the sins his father practiced, but does not follow his example.

†[NIV]But suppose this son has a son who sees all the sins his father commits, and though he sees them, he does not do such things:

本会注释　　第14-18节描写一个儿子因父亲的罪而恐惧，以致回避了父母的罪恶。在这里父亲吃了“酸葡萄”，他儿子的牙根却没有被弄酸（见第2节）。所以这个俗语是矛盾的。每个人都要按照自己的品格而接受审判。
　　但是在塑造公义的品格方面，义人的儿子确实处于优势，而恶人的儿子则处于劣势。不过人的责任和权利是成正比例的（见路12:48）。福音的大能会帮助人获得所需要的品性，克服先天和后天的犯罪倾向，消除遗传的不利影响。由于人人都有权接受福音，到了末日，就没有人可以提出 “酸葡萄”的比喻作为借口了。失丧的人被关在天国门外，只能是咎由自取。

结18:15 未曾在山上吃过祭偶像之物，未曾仰望以色列家的偶像，未曾玷污邻舍的妻， (串)本章6

†[吕]他不在山上吃祭偶像之物，不举目瞻仰以色列家的偶像，不玷污邻舍的妻，

†[思]不在山上吃祭物，不举目瞻仰以色列家族的偶像，不污辱近人的妻子，

†[当代]他不肯上山吃祭假神之物，不举目瞻仰以色列人的神像，不污辱别人的妻子，

†[新译]他不在山上吃祭肉，眼目不仰望以色列家的偶像，不玷污邻舍的妻子；

†[Wlb]不食于山、不瞻仰以色列家之偶像、不污其邻之妻、

†[Xdv]他不拜以色列人的偶像，不在山上神庙吃祭肉。他不诱别人的妻子，

†[Kjv]That hath not eaten upon the mountains, neither hath lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, hath not defiled his neighbour's wife,

†[Nkjv]Who has not eaten on the mountains, Nor lifted his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, Nor defiled his neighbor's wife;

†[BBE]Who has not taken the flesh with the blood for food, or given worship to the images of the children of Israel, and has not had connection with his neighbour's wife,

†[GNT] He doesn't worship the idols of the Israelites or eat the sacrifices offered at forbidden shrines. He doesn't seduce another man's wife

†[NIV]He does not eat at the mountain shrines or look to the idols of the house of Israel. He does not defile his neighbor's wife.

结18:16 未曾亏负人，未曾取人的当头，未曾抢夺人的物件，却将食物给饥饿的人吃，将衣服给赤身的人穿，

†[吕]不亏负人，不索取当头，不抢夺人的物件，却将自己的食物给了饥饿的人，将衣服给赤身裸体的人遮身；

†[思]不欺压，不索取抵押，不抢劫，施给饿者食物，给赤身者衣穿，

†[当代]不欺压他人，不扣留抵押，不抢夺财物，却施舍食物给饥饿的人，赠送衣服给衣不蔽体的人，

†[新译]不欺压任何人，不索取抵押品，不抢夺人的物件，却把自己的食物给饥饿的人，把衣服给赤身的人穿着；

†[Wlb]不欺凌人、不受人之质、不夺人之物、饥者供以食、裸者被以衣、

†[Xdv]不欺压人，不抢劫。他把抵押品还给债务人，拿东西给饥饿的人吃，拿衣服给赤裸的人穿。

†[Kjv]Neither hath oppressed any, hath not withholden the pledge, neither hath spoiled by violence, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment,

†[Nkjv]Has not oppressed anyone, Nor withheld a pledge, Nor robbed by violence, But has given his bread to the hungry And covered the naked with clothing;

†[BBE]Or done wrong to any, or taken anything from one in his debt, or taken goods by force, but has given food to him who was in need of it, and clothing to him who was without it;

†[GNT] or oppress anyone or rob anyone. He returns what a borrower gives him as security. He feeds the hungry and gives clothing to the naked.

†[NIV]He does not oppress anyone or require a pledge for a loan. He does not commit robbery but gives his food to the hungry and provides clothing for the naked.

结18:17 缩手不害贫穷人，未曾向借钱的弟兄取利，也未曾向借粮的弟兄多要；他顺从我的典章，遵行我的律例，就不因父亲的罪孽死亡，定要存活。

†[吕]不公道的事（传统：贫穷的人）他缩手不作，利息或物资利他不索取，我的典章他照作，我的律例他遵行──这样的人必不因他父亲的罪孽而死亡；他一定活着。

†[思]使自己的手戒绝邪恶，不取重利和利息，谨守我的法律，遵行我的法度：这人必不因他父亲的罪而丧亡，必得生存。

†[当代]不压榨贫穷的人，不放债取利，却遵守我的律例，遵行我的法度。这人不用担当他父亲的罪孽以致死亡，他必能生存。

†[新译]他不伸手欺压困苦人，借东西给人不取利息，也不多要；他遵守我的典章，遵行我的律例，这人就必不因他父亲的罪孽而灭亡；他必要存活。

†[Wlb]禁手不虐贫乏、不取利息、守我律例、循我典章、斯人不因父罪而死、必得生存、

†[Xdv]他不做邪恶的事（希伯来文是：帮助穷人），借钱给人不取利息。他遵行我的法律，服从我的诫命。他不必因他父亲所犯的罪死亡。他一定存活。

†[Kjv]That hath taken off his hand from the poor, that hath not received usury nor increase, hath executed my judgments, hath walked in my statutes; he shall not die for the iniquity of his father, he shall surely live.

†[Nkjv]Who has withdrawn his hand from the poor And not received usury or increase, But has executed My judgments And walked in My statutes-- He shall not die for the iniquity of his father; He shall surely live!

†[BBE]Who has kept his hand from evil-doing and has not taken interest or great profits, who has done my orders and been guided by my rules: he will certainly not be put to death for the evil-doing of his father; life will certainly be his.

†[GNT] He refuses to do evil and doesn't lend money for profit. He keeps my laws and obeys my commands. He will not die because of his father's sins, but he will certainly live.

†[NIV]He withholds his hand from sin and takes no usury or excessive interest. He keeps my laws and follows my decrees. He will not die for his father's sin; he will surely live.

结18:18 至于他父亲；因为欺人太甚，抢夺弟兄，在本国的民中行不善，他必因自己的罪孽死亡。 (串)结3:18

†[吕]至于他父亲呢，因为他一味地欺压人，抢夺人的物件，凡属不好的事他都在本国人民间行了，他必须因他自己的罪孽而死亡。

†[思]至于他的父亲，由于暴行，抢劫，在自己人民中从未行过善。看，他必因自己的罪而丧亡。

†[当代]他父亲因肆意欺诈，抢夺劫掠，多行不义，必然自招灭亡。

†[新译]至于他的父亲，因为他勒索，抢夺兄弟的物件，在自己的同胞中行不善的事，所以他必因自己的罪孽而灭亡。

†[Wlb]惟其父行残暴、夺同宗、作不善于民间、必死于其罪、

†[Xdv]至于他父亲，他欺诈，抢劫，横行霸道，要因自己所犯的罪而死亡。

†[Kjv]As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, spoiled his brother by violence, and did that which is not good among his people, lo, even he shall die in his iniquity.

†[Nkjv]"As for his father, Because he cruelly oppressed, Robbed his brother by violence, And did what is not good among his people, Behold, he shall die for his iniquity.

†[BBE]As for his father, because he was cruel, took goods by force, and did what is not good among his people, truly, death will overtake him in his evil-doing.

†[GNT] His father, on the other hand, cheated and robbed and always did evil to everyone. And so he died because of the sins he himself had committed.

†[NIV]But his father will die for his own sin, because he practiced extortion, robbed his brother and did what was wrong among his people.

结18:19 “你们还说：‘儿子为何不担当父亲的罪孽呢？’儿子行正直与合理的事，谨守遵行我的一切律例，他必定存活。 (串)出20:5申5:9王下23:26;24:3-4

†[吕]“你们还说：‘儿子为什么不担当父亲的罪罚呢？’儿子行公平正义的事，谨守我的一切律例而实行它，他一定活着。

†[思]你们或问：儿子为什么不承当父亲的罪过？因为儿子遵行法律和正义，谨守了我一切法度，而一一遵行，他必得生存。

†[当代]“你们会问：儿子为什么不用承担父亲的罪孽呢?儿子既然行事公平正义，谨守遵行我的律法，他就必能生存。

†[新译]“你们还问：‘儿子为什么不担当父亲的罪孽呢？’儿子若行正直和公义的事，谨守遵行我的一切律例，就必存活。

†[Wlb]尔曹犹曰、子不负父罪、曷故子若循法合理、守我典章、而遵行之、必得生存、

†[Xdv]“但是你们问：儿子为什么不因父亲所犯的罪受折磨呢？我的回答是：儿子做了正当合理的事；他遵守我的法律，实践法律的要求，所以他一定存活。

†[Kjv]Yet say ye, Why? doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father? When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.

†[Nkjv]"Yet you say, "Why should the son not bear the guilt of the father?' Because the son has done what is lawful and right, and has kept all My statutes and observed them, he shall surely live.

†[BBE]But you say, Why does not the son undergo punishment for the evil-doing of the father? When the son has done what is ordered and right, and has kept my rules and done them, life will certainly be his.

†[GNT] "But you ask, "Why shouldn't the son suffer because of his father's sins?' The answer is that the son did what was right and good. He kept my laws and followed them carefully, and so he will certainly live.

†[NIV]Yet you ask, 'Why does the son not share the guilt of his father?' Since the son has done what is just and right and has been careful to keep all my decrees, he will surely live.

本会注释　　这个问题的依据可能是上述的说法表面上与律法的教训，自然的运作和公众的意见相左。以西结并不与人争论，而只是重申个人责任的定律。犹太人认为个人是国家或家庭一份子。以西结新的教训预示了一个新约的基本观念。在旧约下（见@结16:60@注释），人们以为得救是靠在表面上遵守崇拜的中心制度。祭司是上帝律法解释者。个人不必亲自去查考圣经，只要信赖宗教领袖的解释就行了。但新约明确指出：“他们不用各人教导自己的乡邻，和自己的弟兄，说，你该认识主。因为他们从最小的到至大的，都必认识我”（来8:11；参耶31:34）。每一人都要直接亲近上帝。他们不再到耶路撒冷参加外表的仪式，而是凭着心灵和诚实来敬拜祂（约4:21-24）。上帝要我们对人行公义，好怜悯，对祂存谦卑的心（弥6:8）。

结18:20 惟有犯罪的，他必死亡。儿子必不担当父亲的罪孽，父亲也不担当儿子的罪孽。义人的善果必归自己，恶人的恶报也必归自己。 (串)本章4|申24:16王下14:6代下25:4|赛3:10-11|罗2:9

†[吕]惟独犯罪的人、他自己必死亡；儿子必不担当父亲的罪罚，父亲也不担当儿子的罪罚；义人的义果必归他自己，恶人的恶报也必归他自己。

†[思]谁犯罪，谁就该丧亡；儿子不承当父亲的罪过，父亲不承当儿子的罪过；义人的正义归于义人自己，恶人的邪恶也归于恶人自己。

†[当代]犯罪者必自招灭亡，儿子并不用承担父亲的罪孽，父亲也不用承担儿子的罪孽。无论善恶，一概都要由自己承担。”

†[新译]唯独犯罪的，才会灭亡；儿子必不担当父亲的罪孽，父亲也必不担当儿子的罪孽；义人的义必归他自己，恶人的恶也必归他自己。

†[Wlb]犯罪者必死、子不负父罪、父不负子罪、义者之义、必归于己、恶者之恶、亦归于己、

†[Xdv]只有犯罪的人该死。儿子不必为父亲的罪受折磨；父亲也不必为儿子的罪受折磨。好人将因行善得报赏；坏人要因作恶受惩罚。

†[Kjv]The soul that sinneth, it shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son: the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him.

†[Nkjv]The soul who sins shall die. The son shall not bear the guilt of the father, nor the father bear the guilt of the son. The righteousness of the righteous shall be upon himself, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon himself.

†[BBE]The soul which does sin will be put to death: the son will not be made responsible for the evil-doing of the father, or the father for the evil-doing of the son; the righteousness of the upright will be on himself, and the evil-doing of the evil-doer on himself.

†[GNT] It is the one who sins who will die. A son is not to suffer because of his father's sins, nor a father because of the sins of his son. Good people will be rewarded for doing good, and evil people will suffer for the evil they do.

†[NIV]The soul who sins is the one who will die. The son will not share the guilt of the father, nor will the father share the guilt of the son. The righteousness of the righteous man will be credited to him, and the wickedness of the wicked will be charged aga

本会注释　　见第4节注释。

结18:21 “恶人若回头离开所做的一切罪恶，谨守我一切的律例，行正直与合理的事，他必定存活，不至死亡。 (串)本章27结33:12,19

†[吕]“但是恶人若回转离开他所犯的一切罪，谨守我一切的律例，行公平正义的事，他必定活着，不至于早死。

†[思]若恶人悔改，远离所犯的罪过，遵守我的法度，遵行我的法律和正义，必得生存，不至丧亡。

†[当代]“恶人若肯痛改前非，谨守我的律法，行事公平正直，他必得生存。

†[新译]“恶人若回转，离开他所犯的一切罪，谨守我的一切律例，行正直和公义的事，就必存活，不致灭亡。

†[Wlb]如恶人悛改所犯之罪、守我典章、循法合理、必得生存、不至死亡、

†[Xdv]如果坏人悔过，离弃他所行的邪路而遵行我的法律，做了正当合理的事，他就不必死，一定存活。

†[Kjv]But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

†[Nkjv]"But if a wicked man turns from all his sins which he has committed, keeps all My statutes, and does what is lawful and right, he shall surely live; he shall not die.

†[BBE]But if the evil-doer, turning away from all the sins which he has done, keeps my rules and does what is ordered and right, life will certainly be his; death will not be his fate.

†[GNT] "If someone evil stops sinning and keeps my laws, if he does what is right and good, he will not die; he will certainly live.

†[NIV]But if a wicked man turns away from all the sins he has committed and keeps all my decrees and does what is just and right, he will surely live; he will not die.

本会注释　　关于个人品格的改变，这里先提恶人的悔改和行义（第21-23,27,28），再提义人堕落行恶（第24-26节）。

结18:22 他所犯的一切罪过都不被记念，因所行的义，他必存活。 (串)结33:16

†[吕]他所犯的一切罪过必不给他记住；他必因所行的义而得活着。

†[思]他所行的一切邪恶必被遗忘；他必因所行的正义而得生存。

†[当代]我必不计较他以前所犯的一切罪行，因著他现今正直的行为，他必能生存。

†[新译]他所犯的一切罪过都不会被记念，作控诉他的理由；他必因自己所行的义而存活。

†[Wlb]其所犯之罪、不复见忆、必因所行之义、而得生存、

†[Xdv]他所犯的罪都蒙赦免；因为他做了该做的事，他一定存活。

†[Kjv]All his transgressions that he hath committed, they shall not be mentioned unto him: in his righteousness that he hath done he shall live.

†[Nkjv]None of the transgressions which he has committed shall be remembered against him; because of the righteousness which he has done, he shall live.

†[BBE]Not one of the sins which he has done will be kept in memory against him: in the righteousness which he has done he will have life.

†[GNT] All his sins will be forgiven, and he will live, because he did what is right.

†[NIV]None of the offenses he has committed will be remembered against him. Because of the righteous things he has done, he will live.

本会注释　　以西结现在成了福音的传道者。他的主题就是因信称义。罪人的罪不再提说，因为藉着悔改和认罪，这些罪已完全赦免，归到罪人的替身和中保耶稣身上了。上帝则“把祂儿子的顺从算到罪人身上，接受基督的义来代替人的失败，收纳和饶恕悔改相信的人，称他为义，视他为义人，爱他如同祂爱祂的儿子”（怀爱伦《评论与通讯》1890年11月4日）。这就是上天计划的奇妙安排。人被上帝接纳，就像没有犯过罪一样（见《喜乐的泉源》第67页）。所以人一旦完全顺服于上帝，就不必担心基督和天父会怎样看他，而只要想上帝怎样看待人类的替身基督就行了（见怀爱伦《全球总会公报》1901年4月23日，第419-422页）。

结18:23 主耶和华说：恶人死亡，岂是我喜悦的吗？不是喜悦他回头离开所行的道存活吗？ (串)本章32结33:11提前2:4彼后3:9

†[吕]主永恒主发神谕说：恶人死亡哪里是我喜悦的呢？我不是喜欢他回转离开他所行的以得活着么？

†[思]我岂能喜欢恶人的丧亡？──吾主上主的断语──我岂不更喜欢他离开旧道而得生存？

†[当代]我哪里会喜欢恶人死亡呢？我不是希望他们赶快转离恶行而得生存吗？”

†[新译]难道我喜悦恶人死亡吗？我不是喜悦他回转离开他所行的而存活吗？这是主耶和华的宣告。

†[Wlb]主耶和华曰、恶人死亡、岂我所悦、我宁不悦其转离恶途、而得生存乎、

†[Xdv]你们以为我──至高的上主喜欢看坏人死亡吗？不！我宁愿看到他因悔过而存活。

†[Kjv]Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord GOD: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?

†[Nkjv]Do I have any pleasure at all that the wicked should die?" says the Lord GOD, "and not that he should turn from his ways and live?

†[BBE]Have I any pleasure in the death of the evil-doer? says the Lord: am I not pleased if he is turned from his way so that he may have life?

†[GNT] Do you think I enjoy seeing evil people die?" asks the Sovereign Lord. "No, I would rather see them repent and live.

†[NIV]Do I take any pleasure in the death of the wicked? declares the Sovereign LORD . Rather, am I not pleased when they turn from their ways and live?

本会注释　　参提前2:4；彼后3:9。上帝不喜欢恶人死亡，而是希望人人都悔改得生命。这就回答了关于上帝待人不公正的指控。祂还给所有的人提供机会。祂强烈呼吁每一个罪人放弃罪恶，免得最终与罪恶一起毁灭。

结18:24 义人若转离义行而作罪孽，照着恶人所行一切可憎的事而行，他岂能存活吗？他所行的一切义都不被记念；他必因所犯的罪、所行的恶死亡。 (串)结3:20;33:12-13,18|彼后2:20

†[吕]义人若转离他的义行，而行不公道的事，照恶人所行一切可厌恶之事而行，他哪能活着呢？他所行的一切义都不被记住；他必因他所阴谋的不忠实和所犯的罪而死于其中。

†[思]若义人离弃了正义而行恶，一如恶人所惯行的丑恶，他岂能生存？他行过的正义必被遗忘，因为他背信违约，犯了罪过，必要丧亡。

†[当代]“反过来说，倘若义人舍弃正义而行恶，正如那些恶人一样，这人能生存吗？不，他从前的义行必因自己现今的罪行和奸诈一笔勾销。他要因现今的恶行丧亡。”

†[新译]“义人若转离他的义去行恶，照着恶人所行一切可憎的事而行，他能存活吗？他所行的一切义都不会被记念；他必因他所行不忠的事和他所犯的罪而灭亡。

†[Wlb]如义人转离其义而行恶、效恶人行可恶之事、岂得生存乎、其所行之义、不复见忆、必死于其所蹈之愆、所犯之罪、

†[Xdv]“如果好人不再做好事，而做坏人所做令人憎恨的坏事，他仍然能存活吗？不！他从前所做的好事不被记念。他要因背信、犯罪而死亡。

†[Kjv]But when the righteous turneth away from his righteousness, and committeth iniquity, and doeth according to all the abominations that the wicked man doeth, shall he live? All his righteousness that he hath done shall not be mentioned: in his trespass that he hath trespassed, and in his sin that he hath sinned, in them shall he die.

†[Nkjv]"But when a righteous man turns away from his righteousness and commits iniquity, and does according to all the abominations that the wicked man does, shall he live? All the righteousness which he has done shall not be remembered; because of the unfaithfulness of which he is guilty and the sin which he has committed, because of them he shall die.

†[BBE]But when the upright man, turning away from his righteousness, does evil, like all the disgusting things which the evil man does, will he have life? Not one of his upright acts will be kept in memory: in the wrong which he has done and in his sin death will overtake him.

†[GNT] "But if a righteous person stops doing good and starts doing all the evil, disgusting things that evil people do, will he go on living? No! None of the good he did will be remembered. He will die because of his unfaithfulness and his sins.

†[NIV]But if a righteous man turns from his righteousness and commits sin and does the same detestable things the wicked man does, will he live? None of the righteous things he has done will be remembered. Because of the unfaithfulness he is guilty of and becau

本会注释　　如果义人堕落了，在审判时他册子里所记录的一切善行就不予考虑了。他要按照自己的众多的罪接受惩罚，包括他所没有悔改的罪，和他以前已经赦免了的罪。一个人如果与上帝分离，就是拒绝了祂饶恕的爱，回到了“他赦免以前的状态。他否定了自己的悔改。他的罪就留在他身上，就像他没有悔改一样”（《天路》第251页）。有人错误地认为，当一种罪得到饶恕的时候，就会立即涂抹。本节和圣所的教训驳斥了这种信念。罪确实赦免了，但要留在记录册里直到审判的日子（《先祖与先知》第357、358页；又见《善恶之争》第483-485页）。

结18:25 “你们还说：‘主的道不公平！’以色列家啊，你们当听，我的道岂不公平吗？你们的道岂不是不公平吗？ (串)本章29结33:17,20

†[吕]“你们还说：‘主所行的不公正。’以色列家阿，你们要听！我所行的哪里是不公正呢？岂不是你们所行的不公正么？

†[思]你们或说：上主的作法不公平！以色列家族，请听我说：是我的作法不公平吗？岂不是你们的作法不公平？

†[当代]“你们说：主的做法不公平。以色列人啊，你们听著，是我的做法不公平，还是你们的做法不公平呢？

†[新译]“你们还说：‘主所行的不公平。’以色列家啊，你们要听！我所行的哪里不公平呢？岂不是你们所行的不公平吗？

†[Wlb]惟尔曹云、主道不公、以色列家其听之、我之道、岂非公乎、尔之道、岂非不公乎、

†[Xdv]“但是你们说：‘主这样做是不对的！’以色列人哪，留心听我解释吧！你们以为我的做法不对吗？其实，你们的做法才不对！

†[Kjv]Yet ye say, The way of the LORD is not equal. Hear now, O house of Israel; Is not my way equal? are not your ways unequal?

†[Nkjv]"Yet you say, "The way of the Lord is not fair.' Hear now, O house of Israel, is it not My way which is fair, and your ways which are not fair?

†[BBE]But you say, The way of the Lord is not equal. Give ear, now, O children of Israel; is my way not equal? are not your ways unequal?

†[GNT] "But you say, "What the Lord does isn't right.' Listen to me, you Israelites. Do you think my way of doing things isn't right? It is your way that isn't right.

†[NIV]Yet you say, 'The way of the Lord is not just.' Hear, O house of Israel: Is my way unjust? Is it not your ways that are unjust?

本会注释　　公平（takan）。“考验”。本节指“悦纳”，“合理”，“正确”。百姓依然认为上帝的做法不符合祂不变的律法，祂的道变化无常。先知在回答时重申了上帝审判的公正（第25-29节）。

结18:26 义人若转离义行而作罪孽死亡，他是因所作的罪孽死亡。 (串)本章24

†[吕]义人若转离他的义行，而行不公道的事，他必因此而死亡；他是因着所行之不公道而死亡的。

†[思]若是义人离弃正义而行恶，因而丧亡，是因为他所行的恶而丧亡。

†[当代]倘若义人离义行恶，他必因罪而死。

†[新译]义人若转离他的义去行恶，他就必因此灭亡；他必因着他所行的不义灭亡。

†[Wlb]义人转离其义而行恶、因而致死、是因所行之恶而死、

†[Xdv]好人不再做好事，反而去做坏事，他死是因为自己做坏事死的。

†[Kjv]When a righteous man turneth away from his righteousness, and committeth iniquity, and dieth in them; for his iniquity that he hath done shall he die.

†[Nkjv]When a righteous man turns away from his righteousness, commits iniquity, and dies in it, it is because of the iniquity which he has done that he dies.

†[BBE]When the upright man, turning away from his righteousness, does evil, death will overtake him; in the evil which he has done death will overtake him.

†[GNT] When a righteous person stops doing good and starts doing evil and then dies, he dies because of the evil he has done.

†[NIV]If a righteous man turns from his righteousness and commits sin, he will die for it; because of the sin he has committed he will die.

结18:27 再者，恶人若回头离开所行的恶，行正直与合理的事，他必将性命救活了。 (串)本章21

†[吕]再者，恶人若回转离开他所行的恶，而行公平正义的事，他就会将性命救活。

†[思]若恶人远离他所行的恶事，而遵行法律和正义，必能保全自己的生命，

†[当代]倘若恶人离恶行义，他必救回自己的性命，得以生存。

†[新译]还有，恶人若回转离开他所行的恶，行正直公义的事，他就可以使自己的性命存活。

†[Wlb]如恶人转离所行之恶、循法合理、必保其生、

†[Xdv]坏人悔过，开始做正当合理的事，就救了自己的性命。

†[Kjv]Again, when the wicked man turneth away from his wickedness that he hath committed, and doeth that which is lawful and right, he shall save his soul alive.

†[Nkjv]Again, when a wicked man turns away from the wickedness which he committed, and does what is lawful and right, he preserves himself alive.

†[BBE]Again, when the evil-doer, turning away from the evil he has done, does what is ordered and right, he will have life for his soul.

†[GNT] When someone evil stops sinning and does what is right and good, he saves his life.

†[NIV]But if a wicked man turns away from the wickedness he has committed and does what is just and right, he will save his life.

结18:28 因为他思量，回头离开所犯的一切罪过，必定存活，不至死亡。 (串)本章14

†[吕]因为他瞻前顾后，回转离开他所犯的罪过，他必定活着，不至于早死。

†[思]因为他考虑之后，离弃了所行的一切恶事，他必生存，不至丧亡。

†[当代]因为他经过思量，便痛改前非，因此，他必能生存，不致死亡。

†[新译]因为他思量了，就转离他所犯的一切罪过，所以他必然存活，不致灭亡。

†[Wlb]因其思维、悛改所犯之罪、必得生存、不至死亡、

†[Xdv]他省察、改过，所以不必死，反而会活下去。

†[Kjv]Because he considereth, and turneth away from all his transgressions that he hath committed, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

†[Nkjv]Because he considers and turns away from all the transgressions which he committed, he shall surely live; he shall not die.

†[BBE]Because he had fear and was turned away from all the wrong which he had done, life will certainly be his, death will not be his fate.

†[GNT] He realizes what he is doing and stops sinning, so he will certainly not die, but go on living.

†[NIV]Because he considers all the offenses he has committed and turns away from them, he will surely live; he will not die.

结18:29 以色列家还说：‘主的道不公平！’以色列家啊，我的道岂不公平吗？你们的道岂不是不公平吗？” (串)本章25

†[吕]以色列家还说：‘主所行的不公正。’以色列家阿，我所行的哪里是不公正呢？岂不是你们所行的不公正么？

†[思]若以色列家族还说：吾主的作法不公平。以色列家族！是我的作法不公平吗？岂不是你们的作法不公平？

†[当代]这样有什么不公平呢？以色列人却说：‘主的做法不公平！’以色列人啊，其实是你们不公平罢了！”

†[新译]但以色列家还说：‘主所行的不公平。’以色列家啊，我所行的哪里不公平呢？岂不是你们所行的不公平吗？

†[Wlb]以色列家犹云、主道不公、以色列家欤、我之道、岂非公乎、尔之道、岂非不公乎、

†[Xdv]以色列人哪，你们说：‘主这样做是不对的！’你们以为我的做法不对吗？其实，你的做法才不对！

†[Kjv]Yet saith the house of Israel, The way of the LORD is not equal. O house of Israel, are not my ways equal? are not your ways unequal?

†[Nkjv]Yet the house of Israel says, "The way of the Lord is not fair.' O house of Israel, is it not My ways which are fair, and your ways which are not fair?

†[BBE]But still the children of Israel say, The way of the Lord is not equal. O children of Israel, are my ways not equal? are not your ways unequal?

†[GNT] And you Israelites say, "What the Lord does isn't right.' You think my way isn't right, do you? It is your way that isn't right.

†[NIV]Yet the house of Israel says, 'The way of the Lord is not just.' Are my ways unjust, O house of Israel? Is it not your ways that are unjust?

结18:30 所以主耶和华说：“以色列家啊，我必按你们各人所行的审判你们。你们当回头离开所犯的一切罪过。这样，罪孽必不使你们败亡。 (串)结7:3;33:20|太3:2启2:5

†[吕]所以主永恒主发神谕说：以色列家阿，我要判罚你们，各照各人所行的。回转吧！转离你们一切的罪过吧！免得罪过成了你们陷于罪罚中的因由。

†[思]以色列家族！我要照各人的行为裁判你们──吾主上主的断语──你们应回心转意，离开你们的一切罪恶，避免它们再做你们犯罪的绊脚石。

†[当代]“主上帝宣告说：以色列人啊，我必按你们的行为审判你们，所以应当从速痛改前非，使罪恶不致倾覆你们。

†[新译]“因此，以色列家啊，我必照着你们各人所行的审判你们。你们回转吧！离开你们的一切罪过吧！免得罪孽成为你们的绊脚石。这是主耶和华的宣告。

†[Wlb]故主耶和华曰、以色列家欤、我必依各人所行而鞫之、尔其回转、离弃诸罪、免愆尤之窒碍、

†[Xdv]“所以，以色列人哪，我──至高的上主这样告诉你们：我要照你们各人的行为审判你们。你们要悔过，离开邪恶的道路，免得你们的罪毁灭了你们。

†[Kjv]Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, saith the Lord GOD. Repent, and turn yourselves from all your transgressions; so iniquity shall not be your ruin.

†[Nkjv]"Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways," says the Lord GOD. "Repent, and turn from all your transgressions, so that iniquity will not be your ruin.

†[BBE]For this cause I will be your judge, O children of Israel, judging every man by his ways, says the Lord. Come back and be turned from all your sins; so that they may not be the cause of your falling into evil.

†[GNT] "Now I, the Sovereign Lord, am telling you Israelites that I will judge each of you by what you have done. Turn away from all the evil you are doing, and don't let your sin destroy you.

†[NIV]Therefore, O house of Israel, I will judge you, each one according to his ways, declares the Sovereign LORD . Repent! Turn away from all your offenses; then sin will not be your downfall.

本会注释　　你们当回头离开。第30-32节的呼吁，所依据的是上帝的作为公正的原则。当先知劝勉人“自做一个新心和新灵”（第31节），并不是说人要靠自己的力量来拯救自己。但是人在得救的工作有一份责任。如果没有人的同意和合作，上帝就不能为人作什么（见《历代愿望》第466页）。
　　希伯来语的词根shub和希腊语metonia都没有十分清楚地表达悔改的含义。英文的“repentance” （悔改）也没有充分体现这种属灵经验的全部意义。shub 的基本含义是“回转”。根据这个定义，人要从自己的罪中回转（见《喜乐的泉源》第26页）。metanoia 是由两个词合成的：第一个meta是“在…之后”；第二个nous是“心思”。也就是以后有不同的心思。
　　罪在人的心思中有它的位置。在筹划罪恶的行动以前，理智肯定被情欲所支配了。罪的根源是思想的扭曲导致人选择罪恶的行径。解决问题的办法就是要改变正这种基本观念。这就是悔改的目的。人的思想必须产生变化。但必须出于人的自愿，因为上帝从不强迫人的意志，而是赐下圣灵来帮助人。人靠自己不可能成就这种改变。但当人选择要改变，并在极大的需求中向上帝呼吁时，上头来的能力会渗透到人心中，使人的意念产生变化。
　　因此真正的悔改是思维功能方面的。它包括彻底的省察，发现导致悖逆的因素，探讨如何在今后避免类似的错误。悔改是从生命驱逐罪恶的过程。一旦悔改认罪，就能得到赦免。但只认罪而不悔改是没有意义的。上帝不能饶恕仍然活跃在心中的罪。所以圣经强调悔改超过认罪。耶稣的基本教训是：“天国近了，你们应当悔改”（太4:17；可1:15）。彼得劝勉我们“要悔改，奉耶稣基督的名受洗”（徒2:38）。
　　正确地把握悔改的真正意义，及其与认罪的关系，对于成功的属灵经验来说是很重要的。许多基督徒常犯相同错误的原因，是他们从来没有真正让圣灵来改变他们对罪的基本看法。他们没有把罪放在心上，考虑如何靠上帝的恩典来彻底战胜罪恶。
　　必不使你们败亡。以色列人说上帝不公平，给他们带来毁灭。上帝宣称，是罪人所自愿选择的罪恶，造成了他们的毁灭（见《证言》卷五第120页）。他现在可能不承认上帝的道是公正的。但到了他面对全地审判之主的可怕时刻，他将亲口承认上帝的道是公正的（见《善恶之争》第668、669页）。

结18:31 你们要将所犯的一切罪过尽行抛弃，自做一个新心和新灵。以色列家啊，你们何必死亡呢？ (串)弗4:22-23|耶32:39结11:19|结36:26-27

†[吕]你们将所犯得罪了我的一切罪过尽行抛弃吧！为自己作成个新的心新的灵吧！何必死亡呢，以色列家阿？

†[思]由你们身上抛契一切得罪我的恶行罢！你们应改造一个新心，一种新的精神！以色列家族，为何你们偏要丧亡？

†[当代]你们要赶快抛弃从前所有的罪过，为自己做一颗新的心和一个新的灵。以色列人啊！你们为什么偏要选择死亡呢？

†[新译]你们要把你们所犯的一切罪过弃掉，为自己造一个新的心和新的灵。以色列家啊，你们为什么要灭亡呢？

†[Wlb]以色列家欤、当弃所犯之罪、新尔心神、奚自取死、

†[Xdv]要抛弃你们所做一切的坏事，换一个新的心、新的灵！以色列人哪，何必死亡呢？

†[Kjv]Cast away from you all your transgressions, whereby ye have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit: for why will ye die, O house of Israel?

†[Nkjv]Cast away from you all the transgressions which you have committed, and get yourselves a new heart and a new spirit. For why should you die, O house of Israel?

†[BBE]Put away all your evil-doing in which you have done sin; and make for yourselves a new heart and a new spirit: why are you desiring death, O children of Israel?

†[GNT] Give up all the evil you have been doing, and get yourselves new minds and hearts. Why do you Israelites want to die?

†[NIV]Rid yourselves of all the offenses you have committed, and get a new heart and a new spirit. Why will you die, O house of Israel?

结18:32 主耶和华说：我不喜悦那死人之死，所以你们当回头而存活。” (串)本章23哀3:33结33:11彼后3:9

†[吕]因为连垂死之人之死亡我也不喜欢呢：这是主永恒主发神谕说的：所以你们要回转以得活着。”

†[思]因为我不喜欢任何人丧亡──吾主上主的断语──你们回心转意罢！你们必得生存！

†[当代]主上帝宣告说：我断不喜欢任何人死亡，所以你们要赶快悔改，就必能生存。”

†[新译]“我不喜悦任何人灭亡，所以你们要回转，得以存活。这是主耶和华的宣告。”

†[Wlb]主耶和华曰、人之死亡、我所不悦、故当回转、而得生存、

†[Xdv]我不愿意任何人死亡。你们改过就会存活。”至高的上主这样宣布了。

†[Kjv]For I have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, saith the Lord GOD: wherefore turn yourselves, and live ye.

†[Nkjv]For I have no pleasure in the death of one who dies," says the Lord GOD. "Therefore turn and live!"

†[BBE]For I have no pleasure in the death of him on whom death comes, says the Lord: be turned back then, and have life.

†[GNT] I do not want anyone to die," says the Sovereign Lord. "Turn away from your sins and live."

†[NIV]For I take no pleasure in the death of anyone, declares the Sovereign LORD . Repent and live!

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