传道书第6章

《圣经》传道书-第6章

传6:1 我见日光之下有一宗祸患重压在人身上， (串)传5:13

†[吕]我看日光之下有一宗祸患在人身上重压着：

†[思]我看见在太阳下，另有一种不幸，重压在人身上：

†[当代]我在日光之下看见一件可悲的事，是人所不能逃避的：

†[新译]我看见日光之下有一件憾事，重压在世人身上。

†[Wlb]我于日下见有一患、为重负于人、

†[Xdv]我发现这世上有一件可悲的事重重地压在人身上。

†[Kjv]There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men:

†[Nkjv]There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is common among men:

†[BBE]There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, and it is hard on men;

†[GNT] I have noticed that in this world a serious injustice is done.

†[NIV]I have seen another evil under the sun, and it weighs heavily on men:

本会注释　　重压在人身上。有文本为“人间所常见”。所罗门陈述他的亲眼所见。

传6:2 就是人蒙上帝赐他资财、丰富、尊荣，以致他心里所愿的一样都不缺，只是上帝使他不能吃用，反有外人来吃用。这是虚空，也是祸患。 (串)伯21:7-13诗17:14;73:7|路12:20

†[吕]就是有人、上帝赐给他财富、资产、尊荣，以致他心里所愿的一无所缺；但上帝却没有使他有能力可以吃用，反而有外人来吃用：这是虚空，也是厉害的弊病。

†[思]有一人，天主赐他富裕、钱财、光荣；凡他心中所愿意的，一件也不缺；但天主没有让他享用这一切，却让外人享用了：这也是空虚，是一件很悲惨的事。

†[当代]就是上帝将财富和尊荣赐给人，叫他所想所愿的一无所缺，却使他无法享用，倒让别人享受他所拥有的一切。这只是虚空和痛苦。

†[新译]蒙　神赐予财富、资产和荣誉的人，心里所愿的，都一无所缺，可是　神使他无力享用，反而有外人来享用。这是虚空，也是祸患。

†[Wlb]有人焉、上帝赐之资财、富有尊荣、致其心之所欲、一无所缺、惟上帝使不得享、而他人享之、斯为虚空、亦为剧病、

†[Xdv]上帝赐给某人荣誉、财富、产业，和他想要的一切，但不让他享受，却让陌生人享受。这是空虚，也是很可悲的事。

†[Kjv]A man to whom God hath given riches, wealth, and honour, so that he wanteth nothing for his soul of all that he desireth, yet God giveth him not power to eat thereof, but a stranger eateth it: this is vanity, and it is an evil disease.

†[Nkjv]A man to whom God has given riches and wealth and honor, so that he lacks nothing for himself of all he desires; yet God does not give him power to eat of it, but a foreigner consumes it. This is vanity, and it is an evil affliction.

†[BBE]A man to whom God gives money, wealth, and honour so that he has all his desires but God does not give him the power to have joy of it, and a strange man takes it. This is to no purpose and an evil disease.

†[GNT] God will give us wealth, honor, and property, yes, everything we want, but then will not let us enjoy it. Some stranger will enjoy it instead. It is useless, and it just isn't right.

†[NIV]God gives a man wealth, possessions and honor, so that he lacks nothing his heart desires, but God does not enable him to enjoy them, and a stranger enjoys them instead. This is meaningless, a grievous evil.

本会注释　　上帝赐他。上帝是宇宙的创造主。世界上的一切美物都出于祂。
　　资财，丰富，尊荣。大卫承认上帝是这些福分的源泉（代上29:12）。这里的“尊荣”是指示物质方面的荣华，就像上帝所赐予所罗门的（王上3:13；代下1:11,12）。
　　心。就是人自己（见传2:24；4:8）。
　　吃用。指 “享受”，如赛3:10；耶15:16。
　　外人。 即“外邦人”（见申14:21；15:3）。强调这个不幸的人没有后代继承他的事业，延续他的名分。蚕亚伯拉罕的经历（创15:2）。
　　祸患。又译为“忧患”（赛53:3,4），“病患”（耶6:7），“痛苦”（耶10:19）。

传6:3 人若生一百个儿子，活许多岁数，以致他的年日甚多，心里却不得满享福乐，又不得埋葬；据我说，那不到期而落的胎比他倒好。 (串)王下9:35赛14:19,20耶22:19|伯3:16诗58:8传4:3

†[吕]人若生了一百个孩子，活了许多岁数，以致他的年日很多，但他心里却不得饱享福乐，他又不得适当的葬礼；我说流产胎比他还好。

†[思]有一人生有百子，活了很大岁数，他年纪虽高，却没有随心享受福乐，且未得安葬，照我看来，他还不如流产的胎儿。

†[当代]若有一个人养了一百个儿子，并且得享长寿，但心中却从来得不到满足，死后又不得安葬；唉！与其如此，不如胎死腹中更好。

†[新译]人如果生下百子，活了许多岁数，年日长久，但是心里不因美物满足，又得不到安葬，我以为流产的胎比他还好。

†[Wlb]人苟生百子、享寿高、历年久、而心不得享福、身不获安葬、我谓未盈期而生者、较彼尤愈、

†[Xdv]一个人尽管有上百的儿女，在世长寿，如果他没有享受应得的福份，死后又不得安葬，那么，即使他活了许多岁数，又有什么益处？我想，一个流产的胎儿还比他好呢。

†[Kjv]If a man beget an hundred children, and live many years, so that the days of his years be many, and his soul be not filled with good, and also that he have no burial; I say, that an untimely birth is better than he.

†[Nkjv]If a man begets a hundred children and lives many years, so that the days of his years are many, but his soul is not satisfied with goodness, or indeed he has no burial, I say that a stillborn child is better than he--

†[BBE]If a man has a hundred children, and his life is long so that the days of his years are great in number, but his soul takes no pleasure in good, and he is not honoured at his death; I say that a birth before its time is better than he.

†[GNT] We may have a hundred children and live a long time, but no matter how long we live, if we do not get our share of happiness and do not receive a decent burial, then I say that a baby born dead is better off.

†[NIV]A man may have a hundred children and live many years; yet no matter how long he lives, if he cannot enjoy his prosperity and does not receive proper burial, I say that a stillborn child is better off than he.

本会注释　　一百个儿子。原文无“儿子”二字，但可以推测出来。每一个犹太人都希望有许多儿子。他们把孩子看作从上帝得到的大福气（创24:60；诗127:3-5）。“一百”寓指 “许多”（创26:12；撒下24:3；箴17:10）。把罗波安家庭的规模（代下11:21）与亚哈家（王下10:1）对比一下。
　　年日甚多。早死被视为一种咒诅。长寿被视为理想的福气（出20:12；申11:9,21；参诗90:10）。
　　不得埋葬。这是人所遭遇的最大祸患。无葬身之地是极不光彩的。参大卫对歌利亚的警告（撒上17:46），和约雅敬的经历（耶22:18,19）。和周边的外邦人一样，希伯来人很看重埋葬（见赛14:19,20；耶16:4,5）。
　　不到期而落的胎。即死胎（见伯3:16；诗58:8）。虽然死孩子没有享受人间的快乐，但也不会遭受人生的痛苦和失望。

传6:4 因为虚虚而来，暗暗而去，名字被黑暗遮蔽，

†[吕]因为流产胎虚虚幻幻而来，暗暗而去，其名字也给黑暗遮蔽着；

†[思]流产的胎儿徒然而来，悄然而去，他的名字也湮没无闻；

†[当代]这胎儿从虚幻而来，亦无声无息而去，名字也隐没了。

†[新译]因为这胎虚虚而来，暗暗而去，黑暗把他的名字遮蔽了。

†[Wlb]以其虚而来、暗而去、厥名掩于幽暗、

†[Xdv]胎儿生下没有好处；他消失在黑暗中，被遗忘了。

†[Kjv]For he cometh in with vanity, and departeth in darkness, and his name shall be covered with darkness.

†[Nkjv]for it comes in vanity and departs in darkness, and its name is covered with darkness.

†[BBE]In wind it came and to the dark it will go, and with the dark will its name be covered.

†[GNT] It does that baby no good to be born; it disappears into darkness, where it is forgotten.

†[NIV]It comes without meaning, it departs in darkness, and in darkness its name is shrouded.

本会注释　　指死孩子，而不是富人。
　　虚虚。死孩子到世上毫无意义。
　　黑暗。死孩子立即处置，不举行葬礼和纪念的仪式。它没有名字，没有记录。活下来的孩子后来可能得到荣誉和名望，但生来就死的孩子绝不会摆脱死亡的沉默和黑暗。

传6:5 并且没有见过天日，也毫无知觉；这胎，比那人倒享安息。

†[吕]并且它没有见过天日，也毫无知觉；这胎实在比那人还安然。

†[思]他没有见过天日，也没有任何知觉，但他总比那人更享安宁。

†[当代]他没有见过天日，也从不知道任何事情，这胎儿实在比那人幸福得多。

†[新译]这胎既看不见天日，又一无所知，就比那人更得安息。

†[Wlb]未睹日光、无有知觉、较为安泰也、

†[Xdv]他没有见过阳光，没有知觉；可是他至少得到安息。

†[Kjv]Moreover he hath not seen the sun, nor known any thing: this hath more rest than the other.

†[Nkjv]Though it has not seen the sun or known anything, this has more rest than that man,

†[BBE]Yes, it saw not the sun, and it had no knowledge; it is better with this than with the other.

†[GNT] It never sees the light of day or knows what life is like, but at least it has found rest -

†[NIV]Though it never saw the sun or knew anything, it has more rest than does that man-

本会注释　　没有见过天日。太阳代表人生的一切经历和快乐（见伯3:16；诗58:8）。
　　享安息。安息是东方人的理想，表现在天堂，佛教的未来极乐世界，和印度教灵魂归宿的概念中。这里讽刺说，死胎要强过经历人生的变迁。

传6:6 那人虽然活千年，再活千年，却不享福，众人岂不都归一个地方去吗？

†[吕]就使那人活了千年，再活了千年，却没有经验过享乐，有什么用处？众人不是都要归于一个地方去么？

†[思]那人即便活了两千岁，如未享受福乐，他们二人岂不是同归一处？

†[当代]若有人能活到二千岁，却不能享受福乐，这又如何呢？他们岂不都要同归一处吗？

†[新译]那人即使活了一千年，再活一千年，也享受不到什么；他们两者不是都归一个地方吗？

†[Wlb]其人生存、虽历千年而倍之、未尝享福、其终非同归一所乎、

†[Xdv]这比那活了两千年却没有享受过有生之乐的人强得多了。到头来，他们两者不是都要归宿到同一地方去吗？

†[Kjv]Yea, though he live a thousand years twice told, yet hath he seen no good: do not all go to one place?

†[Nkjv]even if he lives a thousand years twice- -but has not seen goodness. Do not all go to one place?

†[BBE]And though he goes on living a thousand years twice over and does not see good, are not the two going to the same place?

†[GNT] more so than the man who never enjoys life, though he may live two thousand years. After all, both of them are going to the same place.

†[NIV]even if he lives a thousand years twice over but fails to enjoy his prosperity. Do not all go to the same place?

本会注释　　再活千年。即两千年。如果一个富人的寿命是玛土撒拉的两倍（见创5:27），但没有享受人生的真正福气，那么长寿会又有什么好处呢？
　　不享福。如果一个人没有达到上帝对于祂每一个儿女的最佳理想，倒不如没有出生的好。人生只有实现最佳的理想才能体现其价值。
　　一个地方。古代犹太人认为所有的人，包括义人和恶人的，都要去一个地方，就是坟墓（传3:20；见@箴15:11@注释）。坟墓是一切死人的归属。所罗门说，生来就已死的孩子应该得到庆贺，因为他没有经历人生之悲伤，痛苦和失望就得到了安息。

传6:7 人的劳碌都为口腹，心里却不知足。 (串)箴16:26

†[吕]人的一切劳碌都是为了口腹，而胃口（或译：心里）却永填不满。

†[思]人的一切劳碌都是为了口腹，但他的欲望却总不知满足。

†[当代]人人为口奔驰，但他们的口腹却永难满足；

†[新译]人的一切劳碌都为口腹，他的心却还是填不满。

†[Wlb]人之勤劳、皆为其口、而不能餍其欲、

†[Xdv]人为着自己的口腹劳碌，却永远填不满肚子。

†[Kjv]All the labour of man is for his mouth, and yet the appetite is not filled.

†[Nkjv]All the labor of man is for his mouth, And yet the soul is not satisfied.

†[BBE]All the work of man is for his mouth, and still he has a desire for food.

†[GNT] We do all our work just to get something to eat, but we never have enough.

†[NIV]All man's efforts are for his mouth, yet his appetite is never satisfied.

本会注释　　口腹。寓指沉溺于声色之乐（诗128:2；箴16:26；传2:24；3:13）。
　　心里（nephesh）。还出现在第3节和第9节。指人类的精神层面（见伯12:11；箴16:26；赛29:8）。智慧人说，人一生劳碌中，为满足不断增长的欲望，但没有实现最佳的理想。

传6:8 这样看来，智慧人比愚昧人有什么长处呢？穷人在众人面前知道如何行，有什么长处呢？

†[吕]智慧人比愚顽人有什么长处？贫困人在众生面前晓得怎样行、有什么长处？

†[思]智者较愚者究有什么利益？知道如何与人往来的穷人，能得什么好处？

†[当代]那么，聪明人比愚昧人有什么优胜呢？贫穷人即使懂得如何处世，又有什么益处呢？

†[新译]智慧人比愚昧人有什么长处呢？穷人在众人面前知道怎样行事为人，又有什么长处呢？

†[Wlb]智者较愚者有何愈、贫者较达者有何愈、

†[Xdv]聪明人比愚蠢人有什么长处呢？叫穷人知道怎样跟人来往有什么益处呢？

†[Kjv]For what hath the wise more than the fool? what hath the poor, that knoweth to walk before the living?

†[Nkjv]For what more has the wise man than the fool? What does the poor man have, Who knows how to walk before the living?

†[BBE]What have the wise more than the foolish? and what has the poor man by walking wisely before the living?

†[GNT] How are the wise better off than fools? What good does it do the poor to know how to face life?

†[NIV]What advantage has a wise man over a fool? What does a poor man gain by knowing how to conduct himself before others?

本会注释　　智慧人。Yother（“长处”），智慧人和愚昧人一样，埋头苦干以满足自己的欲望。
　　穷人。与前半句形成对照。意为“穷人比愚昧人更知道在众人面前如何行，但又有什么长处呢”。穷人在贫穷和逆境中学会了怎样充分利用自己的资源。愚昧人只想到自己的欲望，埋头苦干，积累财富。但是穷人和愚昧人都不能得到他们想拥有的一切。

传6:9 眼睛所看的比心里妄想的倒好。这也是虚空，也是捕风。

†[吕]眼睛看到的比心里转来转去想的好：这也是虚空，也是捕风。

†[思]眼看见过的总胜过心所想望的：这也是空虚，也是追风。

†[当代]眼目所见的，总比心中渴想得到的更为实际，这也是虚空，有如捕风一样。

†[新译]眼睛看见的，胜过心中想望的。这也是虚空，也是捕风。

†[Wlb]目之睹、胜于欲之纵、斯亦虚空、乃为捕风、

†[Xdv]这也是空虚，是捕风。能满足于自己所有的，远胜过贪得无餍。

†[Kjv]Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering of the desire: this is also vanity and vexation of spirit.

†[Nkjv]Better is the sight of the eyes than the wandering of desire. This also is vanity and grasping for the wind.

†[BBE]What the eyes see is better than the wandering of desire. This is to no purpose and a desire for wind.

†[GNT] It is useless; it is like chasing the wind. It is better to be satisfied with what you have than to be always wanting something else.

†[NIV]Better what the eye sees than the roving of the appetite. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.

本会注释　　眼睛所看的。满足于现有的，要胜过得不到所渴望的。愚昧人的眼睛只盯在世俗的目标上。
　　妄想。指超越自身能力的欲望，往往导致暴行。

传6:10 先前所有的，早已起了名，并知道何为人，他也不能与那比自己力大的相争。 (串)伯9:32赛45:9耶49:19

†[吕]现今存在的早已起了名，大家都知道人是什么，他并不能同那比他力大的相争呀。

†[思]已往所有的，都已有名可称；人为何物，都已知道；人决不能与强于自己的抗辩。

†[当代]一切存在的事物都已定了名，人是怎样的也被识透了，因此，他无法与那比他更强的争论。

†[新译]已经存在的，早已有了名称；大家都知道人是怎样的；人绝对无法与比自己强的抗辩。

†[Wlb]既有之人、早命以名、知其为人、不能与强于己者争、

†[Xdv]已经发生的事是早已命定了的；我们知道人（或译：人的本质都已知道；他）无法跟比他强大的抗辩。

†[Kjv]That which hath been is named already, and it is known that it is man: neither may he contend with him that is mightier than he.

†[Nkjv]Whatever one is, he has been named already, For it is known that he is man; And he cannot contend with Him who is mightier than he.

†[BBE]That which is, has been named before, and of what man is there is knowledge. He has no power against one stronger than he.

†[GNT] Everything that happens was already determined long ago, and we all know that you cannot argue with someone who is stronger than you.

†[NIV]Whatever exists has already been named, and what man is has been known; no man can contend with one who is stronger than he.

本会注释　　早已起了名。从另一个角度表达传1:9节的观点：“日光之下并无新事”。
　　知道何为人。不管怎样，人毕竟是人。希伯来语“人”（'adam），指来自尘土（'adamah）的人。见@创1:26@；@民24:3@注释。最伟大的人也难免一死，注定归回尘土（传12:7）。
　　与那比自己力大的相争。可能是指与上帝，与赛45:9；罗9:20的说法一致（见伯33:12）。犹太注释者认为是指死亡。

传6:11 加增虚浮的事既多，这与人有什么益处呢？

†[吕]因为有许多事（或译：话）是增加虚幻的；这对人有什么益处呢？

†[思]说话多，必多空谈：这对人能有什么益处？

†[当代]其实，叫人倍觉虚空的话真是不胜枚举！这些对人又有什么益处呢？

†[新译]因为话语增多，虚空也增多，这对人有什么益处呢？

†[Wlb]增虚之事既多、于人有何益哉、

†[Xdv]你越抗辩，越觉得无益，对自己也没有好处。

†[Kjv]Seeing there be many things that increase vanity, what is man the better?

†[Nkjv]Since there are many things that increase vanity, How is man the better?

†[BBE]There are words without number for increasing what is to no purpose, but what is man profited by them?

†[GNT] The longer you argue, the more useless it is, and you are no better off.

†[NIV]The more the words, the less the meaning, and how does that profit anyone?

本会注释　　事。用原文的基本义“话语”较好。人们喜欢谈论抱怨，话太多并不能改善局面。人最好还是学会信靠自己的创造主（赛45:11-18；徒17:24-31）。
　　这与人有什么益处呢？话多和凭空猜测无助于解决人生的问题。

传6:12 人一生虚度的日子，就如影儿经过，谁知道什么与他有益呢？谁能告诉他身后在日光之下有什么事呢？ (串)伯8:9诗102:11|诗39:6传8:7

†[吕]在人虚幻的一生小小数目的日子里、他渡过去如影儿，谁知道什么是对于人一生中有好处阿？谁能告诉人在日光之下他身后会有什么事呢？

†[思]在空虚，消逝如影的人生少数岁月内，有谁知道什么事对人有益？又有谁能指给人指示，他身后在太阳下要发生什么事？

†[当代]人生既然短暂虚空，有谁知道一生之中有什么是对他有益的呢？他只会虚度一生，因为有谁知道未来的事情呢？

†[新译]在虚空、消逝如影的人生，短暂的日子里，有谁知道什么是对人有益处呢？谁能告诉人他死后在日光之下会发生什么事呢？

†[Wlb]人之毕生、虚度之日如影、何者有益于彼、孰其知之、逝世之后、日下将有何事、孰能告之、

†[Xdv]在这短暂、空虚、好像影儿飞逝的人生过程中，谁知道什么是对他最有价值的事呢？谁能告诉他死后这世上会发生什么事呢？

†[Kjv]For who knoweth what is good for man in this life, all the days of his vain life which he spendeth as a shadow? for who can tell a man what shall be after him under the sun?

†[Nkjv]For who knows what is good for man in life, all the days of his vain life which he passes like a shadow? Who can tell a man what will happen after him under the sun?

†[BBE]Who is able to say what is good for man in life all the days of his foolish life which he goes through like a shade? who will say what is to be after him under the sun?

†[GNT] How can anyone know what is best for us in this short, useless life of ours - a life that passes like a shadow? How can we know what will happen in the world after we die?

†[NIV]For who knows what is good for a man in life, during the few and meaningless days he passes through like a shadow? Who can tell him what will happen under the sun after he is gone?

本会注释　　后在日光之下有什么事呢？
　　影儿。把人比作转瞬即过的影子，存留片时，然后就消失了（见代上29:15；伯8:9；诗102:11；144:4；参雅4:14）。
　　什么与他有益。即人生中有佳值的东西。人既然发现不了人生最有价值的东西，就该承认向上帝埋怨和争辩是无意义的。这里的疑问暗示否定的回答。
　　有什么事。人无法测透未来。他的人生只是永远的过去和永恒的将来之间的一段插曲。今世的事物是短暂的；看不见的事才是永远的，掌握在上帝手中（见林后4:17,18）。

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