撒母耳记上第13章

《圣经》撒母耳记上-第13章

撒上13:1 扫罗登基年四十岁；作以色列王二年的时候，

†[吕]扫罗登极的时候、年三十岁；既作了王管理以色列有两年了，

†[思]撒乌耳叁十岁登极，作以色列王四十年。

†[当代]扫罗登基时是四十岁，他统治了以色列三十二年。在扫罗登基后的第二年，

†[新译]扫罗登基的时候年三十岁，作了以色列王四十二年（原文缺完整的年数，这里是按《七十士译本》加上的）。

†[Wlb]扫罗即位、时年四十

†[Xdv]（希伯来文的第一节是：扫罗作王的时候……岁；他作以色列王两年。）

†[Kjv]Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel,

†[Nkjv]Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel,

†[BBE]***

†[GNT]

†[NIV]Saul was thirty years old when he became king, and he reigned over Israel forty- two years.

本会注释　　所有的译者和注释者都认为这句话的意思不明确。希伯来原文的直译是：“扫罗开始作王时……岁，他统治了以色列二年”（关于“岁”见《SDA圣经注释》卷一，第181页；另见@创5:32@注释）。从第一个圣经版本问世到现在，这句话一直令译者们困惑。七十士译本的早期版本省略了本节，从而避开了这个难点。《塔古姆》解读为：“扫罗登基时，象一个一岁大的婴孩那样纯洁。”亚兰文译本是：“当扫罗作王一二年的时候。”英文钦定本与先前的译本一样，也是意译，不是根据我们现在看到的希伯来原文，而是译者所以为的希伯来原文。修订标准本假设了两处遗漏：“扫罗登基的时候……岁；他开始作王……统治以色列二年。”
　　有些注释者认为这里无疑是一个在抄写过程中的遗漏，但没有人能说出在经文的传承的过程中什么时候产生的遗漏（见《SDA圣经注释》卷一第15页）。如果现在的希伯来原文有遗漏的话，那就证明后来的抄写员在他们制作新抄本的工作中是谨慎尽责的，因为他们没有篡改经文本身，而是照他们看到它时的样子抄写了下来，即使它的意思是难解的。
　　猜测是没有什么结果的，但可以提供暂定的解释。这句话的形式，完全符合圣经作者表达君王登基时的年龄及其作王的期限的规范。对于大卫的相应规范用语出现在撒下5:4（另见王下21:1；24:8,18；等等）。如果与撒上13:1可能的遗漏一样的遗漏发生在相似的经文如王下21:1中，它就会变成：“玛拿西登基的时候……岁，作王……在耶路撒冷五年。”这两句话的基本结构是一样的。插入扫罗登基时的年龄，并插入他作王的年限，就会使这句话与介绍大卫和其他君王的话一致。原文中“……二年”原来可能是“四十年”（见徒13:21）。撒上13:1的希伯来原文按照现在的样子，是暗示它最初是由扫罗的年龄和作王期限构成。否则扫罗就是《旧约》中唯一不这样说的希伯来君王了。
　　据另一种解释，撒上13:1应为：“扫罗作王一年；并且他在以色列作王二年。”即他作王的第一年已经结束（见本卷注释第138页），本章的事件发生在他作王的第二年。但必须承认，把撒上13:1解释为13章的事件发生在扫罗作王第二年是不自然的，在结构上与圣经中关于君王的记录也不完全一致。
　　这句话可以合理地理解为扫罗在第二年尝试征服非利士人，但第一次真正的打击——这里记录是约拿单发动的——是后来某个时候才发生的。如此理解就与这里提到的撒上13:1的译文以及最初的解释一致了。如果可以下结论说《先祖与先知》616页似乎是以英文钦定本为前提的，那就可以说这句话本身可以被认为是指第一次尝试。但是无论怎样翻译或解释，对这句话的愿意我们仍感困惑。不过这句话和其他难解的经文一样，并不涉及教义问题，因而也不涉及我们的得救问题。

撒上13:2 就从以色列中拣选了三千人：二千跟随扫罗在密抹和伯特利山，一千跟随约拿单在便雅悯的基比亚；其余的人，扫罗都打发各回各家去了。 (串)本章5,11,16,23撒上14:31赛10:28|撒上10:26本章15

†[吕]扫罗就从以色列中拣选了三千人：二千跟从扫罗在密抹和伯特利山；一千跟从约拿单在便雅悯基比亚；其余的人、扫罗都打发各回各家而去。

†[思]撒乌耳从以色列人中挑选了叁千人：两千在米革玛斯和贝特耳山地与撒乌耳在一起；一千在本雅明的革巴随着约纳堂；剩下的人，撒乌耳遗散他们各回本帐幕。

†[当代]他特别选出三千个精兵，亲自带领其中的二千人到密抹和伯特利山去，另外的一千人就和他的儿子约拿单留在便雅悯境内的基比亚。其余的人，扫罗就把他们遣散回家。

†[新译]他从以色列人中为自己拣选了三千人；两千人和扫罗一同驻在密抹和伯特利山，一千人与约拿单一同驻在便雅悯的基比亚。其余的人，扫罗都遣散他们各回自己的家去了。

†[Wlb]为以色列王、越至二年、由以色列中、简三千人、二千从扫罗、在密抹及伯特利山、一千从约拿单、在便雅悯之基比亚、余民遣归其家、

†[Xdv]扫罗从以色列人中选出三千人，把两千人留在他身边，在密抹和伯特利山区，把另一千人派到便雅悯支族的基比亚地方，由他儿子乔纳单率领，把其余的人打发回家。

†[Kjv]Saul chose him three thousand men of Israel; whereof two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and in mount Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin: and the rest of the people he sent every man to his tent.

†[Nkjv]Saul chose for himself three thousand men of Israel. Two thousand were with Saul in Michmash and in the mountains of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah of Benjamin. The rest of the people he sent away, every man to his tent.

†[BBE]And Saul took for himself three thousand men of Israel, of whom he kept two thousand with him in Michmash and in the mountain of Beth-el, and a thousand were with Jonathan in Gibeah in the land of Benjamin: the rest of the people he sent back to their ten

†[GNT] Saul picked three thousand men, keeping two thousand of them with him in Michmash and in the hill country of Bethel and sending one thousand with his son Jonathan to Gibeah, in the territory of the tribe of Benjamin. The rest of the men Saul sent home.

†[NIV]Saul chose three thousand men from Israel; two thousand were with him at Micmash and in the hill country of Bethel, and a thousand were with Jonathan at Gibeah in Benjamin. The rest of the men he sent back to their homes.

本会注释　　基比亚。现在一般认为基比亚是Tell el-Fūl，为耶路撒冷以北5.6公里中央山脉顶峰的一个了望点。那里被认为是扫罗堡垒的废墟，最近已经发掘了（见《SDA圣经注释》卷一，第124页）。

撒上13:3 约拿单攻击迦巴、非利士人的防营，非利士人听见了。扫罗就在遍地吹角，意思说，要使希伯来人听见。 (串)本章16撒上14:5|撒上14:1,4,6撒下23:14|士3:27

†[吕]约拿单击打了那在迦巴的非利士人驻防兵；非利士人听见了；扫罗就在遍地吹号角，意思是说：‘要使希伯来人听见’。

†[思]约纳堂击杀了驻扎在基贝亚的培肋舍特人的官吏，培肋舍特人遂知道希伯人已经叛变。撒乌耳在全国吹了警号，

†[当代]约拿单攻破非利士人在迦巴的驻军。这消息很快就传遍了非利士地。扫罗也在全以色列响起号角，召集军队。他宣称已经消灭了非利士人的驻军，因此非利士人对以色列人非常仇恨。于是全以色列的军队就再次在吉甲聚集。

†[新译]约拿单攻打非利士人在迦巴的驻军，非利士人听见了；扫罗就在全地吹角，说：“让希伯来人都听见。”

†[Wlb]约拿单击非利士人汛于迦巴、非利士人闻之、扫罗吹角遍于国中、曰、希伯来人听之、

†[Xdv]乔纳单在迦巴杀了非利士人的指挥官（或译：击败了扎营的非利士人）；非利士人都知道这事。扫罗派专差到全国各地，吹号召集希伯来人出来作战。

†[Kjv]And Jonathan smote the garrison of the Philistines that was in Geba, and the Philistines heard of it. And Saul blew the trumpet throughout all the land, saying, Let the Hebrews hear.

†[Nkjv]And Jonathan attacked the garrison of the Philistines that was in Geba, and the Philistines heard of it. Then Saul blew the trumpet throughout all the land, saying, "Let the Hebrews hear!"

†[BBE]And Jonathan made an attack on the armed force of the Philistines stationed at Gibeah; and news was given to the Philistines that the Hebrews were turned against them. And Saul had a horn sounded through all the land,

†[GNT] Jonathan killed the Philistine commander in Geba, and all the Philistines heard about it. Then Saul sent messengers to call the Hebrews to war by blowing a trumpet throughout the whole country.

†[NIV]Jonathan attacked the Philistine outpost at Geba, and the Philistines heard about it. Then Saul had the trumpet blown throughout the land and said, "Let the Hebrews hear!"

本会注释　　迦巴。基比亚东北约6.4公里是Wadi Medineh，地表有一个大裂缝，甚至从边缘的近处都几乎注意不到。它的两侧是数百米高的不能通行的绝壁。这个旱谷的西南是迦巴，穿越这个旱谷往东北2.8公里是密抹城，在低于基比亚（Tell el-Fūl）周围地区约213.4米的平地上。密抹东边的土地略略倾斜一段距离，成为良好的农田，在这里可以清楚地看到来自耶利哥的道道。伯特利约在基比亚以北约9.6公里）处，比基比亚高30.5米多。
　　密抹可以控制从耶利哥和约旦谷到伯特利的主要道路，以及从耶路撒冷向北到示剑的主要道路。扫罗把他的儿子约拿单和三分之一的军队布置在基比亚，同时，他与三分之二的部队守卫着从东部到伯特利和基比亚的通路。要是亚扪人寻求报复扫罗在基列雅比战胜他们的话，这就会是他们最可能采取的路线。他并没有预料来自西部的麻烦，因为在那里与非利士人是和平的（撒上7:13）。
　　防营。nesib，“柱子，”“长官，”“代表，”“守备部队”或“岗位”。注释者一般认为在这里理解为“长官”或“管理者”与上下文更和谐（但是请见《先祖与先知》616页）。nesib在创19:26译为“柱”，在王上4:19和代下8:10中译为“管理”或“督工。”
　　非利士人。虽然非利士人没有与以色列人交战，他们还是在山上保留了据点，例如在穿过旱谷比它高61米的密抹西南的迦巴。Nesib（“防营”）来自动词nasab，“站岗”，“驻扎”，即通过任命或根据职责。在不远处的拉玛（见@撒上1:1@注释），有撒母耳所组建的一所先知学校。显然撒母耳设法通过在附近设置他的学校来对付外邦非利士的影响，希望将百姓拉回到对耶和华的敬拜。只要这所先知学校的影响渗透到迦巴居民的个人生活中，使非利士人看到上帝救恩的真正意义，血腥的战争就可以避免，许多非利士人就会接受上帝，象后来亚兰的乃缦那样（王下5）。
　　要使希伯来人听见。“希伯来人”在整本圣经中只出现35次,31次在《旧约》,4次在《新约》。在《旧约》的31次中,16次与以色列人在埃及有关,5次与这场反对非利士人的战争有关（撒上13和14章）。相比之下，“以色列”在圣经中用了数百次。问题是为什么会有这两种不同的情况呢？但有一点是清楚的：“希伯来人”经常被外人或以色列人向外人提到自己时使用。一般而言，现在认为“希伯来人”是以色列人的邻邦众所周知的名称（见@创10:21；14:13@注释）。法老和他的百姓似乎交替使用这两个名称（见出1:16；5:2；14:5；等等；另见@撒上13:7@注释）。

撒上13:4 以色列众人听见扫罗攻击非利士人的防营，又听见以色列人为非利士人所憎恶，就跟随扫罗聚集在吉甲。 (串)撒上10:8;11:14,15

†[吕]以色列众人听说扫罗击打非利士人的驻防兵，又听说以色列人在非利士人中成了臭名，就有步兵应召而来、跟随扫罗在吉甲。

†[思]全以色列人都听说：撒乌耳击杀了培肋舍特人的一个官吏，所以以色列为培肋舍特人所仇恨；于是人民便跟随撒乌耳聚集在基耳加耳。

†[当代]－

†[新译]以色列众人听说扫罗攻打了非利士人的驻军，又听说非利士人憎恨以色列人，就应召在吉甲跟随扫罗。

†[Wlb]以色列众闻扫罗击非利士人汛、以色列人为非利士人所恶、民从扫罗、集于吉甲、

†[Xdv]以色列人听到扫罗杀了非利士的指挥官，又听到非利士人怀恨他们，就响应扫罗的号召，集合在吉甲。

†[Kjv]And all Israel heard say that Saul had smitten a garrison of the Philistines, and that Israel also was had in abomination with the Philistines. And the people were called together after Saul to Gilgal.

†[Nkjv]Now all Israel heard it said that Saul had attacked a garrison of the Philistines, and that Israel had also become an abomination to the Philistines. And the people were called together to Saul at Gilgal.

†[BBE]And all Israel had the news that Saul had made an attack on the Philistines, and that Israel was bitterly hated by the Philistines. And the people came together after Saul to Gilgal.

†[GNT] All the Israelites were told that Saul had killed the Philistine commander and that the Philistines hated them. So the people answered the call to join Saul at Gilgal.

†[NIV]So all Israel heard the news: "Saul has attacked the Philistine outpost, and now Israel has become a stench to the Philistines." And the people were summoned to join Saul at Gilgal.

本会注释　　所憎恶。或“使自己被憎恶。”这个动词曾用来指过夜的吗哪（出16:20,24）。
　　跟随扫罗聚集在吉甲。由于王国在吉甲确立（撒上11:14,15），扫罗召集以色列众人到了那里而不是在基比亚或密抹。他们的准备在那两个地方会被非利士人发现。非利士人行军经过各支流的干谷，抵达密抹可能没什么困难。扫罗为什么没有要求以色列人增援已经驻扎在便雅悯地区的军队，这一点难以理解。那就会靠近撒母耳的家乡并接近伯特利的圣地（见@撒上1:1@的注释）。迦巴干谷的岩石会形成一个宏伟的堡垒，显然那个地区的居民比现在想复仇的非利士人更清楚这个防御地形。在困境中，扫罗似乎想起了撒母耳曾告诉他即将去吉甲（撒上10:8）。

撒上13:5 非利士人聚集，要与以色列人争战，有车三万辆，马兵六千，步兵象海边的沙那样多，就上来在伯亚文东边的密抹安营。 (串)书11:4|撒上14:23书7:2;18:12

†[吕]非利士人聚集了来、要同以色列人交战；有车三千（传统：三万）辆，骏马六千，步兵像海边的沙那么多；他们上来，在伯亚文东边、密抹扎营。

†[思]培肋舍特人已调齐来攻打以色列人；他们有战车叁千，骑兵六千，民兵多得如同海边的沙，都上来在贝特阿文东方的米革玛斯扎了营。

†[当代]另一方面，非利士人也征募了一支庞大的军队，计有三万辆战车、六千个骑兵，还有很多士兵，这些士兵的数目，多得像海边的沙；他们都在伯亚文以东的密抹扎营。

†[新译]非利士人聚集起来，要与以色列人交战，他们有战车三千（“三千”原文作“三万”，这里参考一些《七十士译本》的抄本及叙利亚译本翻译）辆、骑兵六千人、步兵像海边的沙那么多。他们上来，在伯亚文东边的密抹安营。

†[Wlb]非利士人集、欲与以色列族战、率车三万、骑兵六千、民众如海沙之多、至伯亚文东之密抹建营、

†[Xdv]非利士人聚集攻打以色列人。他们有三万战车、六千骑兵，和无数的步兵，多得像海滩上的沙粒一样。他们把军队调到伯亚文东边的密抹，在那里驻扎。

†[Kjv]And the Philistines gathered themselves together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots, and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the sea shore in multitude: and they came up, and pitched in Michmash, eastward from Bethaven.

†[Nkjv]Then the Philistines gathered together to fight with Israel, thirty thousand chariots and six thousand horsemen, and people as the sand which is on the seashore in multitude. And they came up and encamped in Michmash, to the east of Beth Aven.

†[BBE]And the Philistines came together to make war on Israel, three thousand war-carriages and six thousand horsemen and an army of people like the sands of the sea in number: they came up and took up their position in Michmash, to the east of Beth-aven.

†[GNT] The Philistines assembled to fight the Israelites; they had thirty thousand war chariots, six thousand cavalry troops, and as many soldiers as there are grains of sand on the seashore. They went to Michmash, east of Bethaven, and camped there.

†[NIV]The Philistines assembled to fight Israel, with three thousand chariots, six thousand charioteers, and soldiers as numerous as the sand on the seashore. They went up and camped at Micmash, east of Beth Aven.

本会注释　　三万。七十士译本的卢西恩修订本和亚兰文译本为“三千。”希伯来词3和30的区别很小，很容易彼此误认。

撒上13:6 以色列百姓见自己危急窘迫，就藏在山洞、丛林、石穴、隐密处，和坑中。 (串)士6:2来11:38

†[吕]以色列人见自己危急［因为以色列民真地窘迫］，就藏在山洞、丛林、岩穴、地窘、或坑井中，

†[思]以色列人一见大难临头，敌人压境，就有人藏在山洞，土窟内，岩石下，地窖内和旱井，

†[当代]以色列人看见这样庞大的敌军，都非常恐惧，纷纷躲到山洞、丛林、石间的岩穴，甚至躲到墓穴和深坑里去。

†[新译]以色列人看见自己情况危急，处境窘迫，众人就藏在山洞、岩穴、地洞里和地坑之中。

†[Wlb]以色列民见事危急、窘迫特甚、则匿于山洞、丛林岩穴、营窟坎阱、

†[Xdv]以色列人知道大难临头强敌压境，有些人就去藏在山洞里、丛林里、石穴里、井里，或是坑里；

†[Kjv]When the men of Israel saw that they were in a strait, (for the people were distressed,) then the people did hide themselves in caves, and in thickets, and in rocks, and in high places, and in pits.

†[Nkjv]When the men of Israel saw that they were in danger (for the people were distressed), then the people hid in caves, in thickets, in rocks, in holes, and in pits.

†[BBE]When the men of Israel saw the danger they were in, (for the people were troubled,) they took cover in cracks in the hillsides and in the woods and in rocks and holes and hollows.

†[GNT] Then they launched a strong attack against the Israelites, putting them in a desperate situation. Some of the Israelites hid in caves and holes or among the rocks or in pits and wells;

†[NIV]When the men of Israel saw that their situation was critical and that their army was hard pressed, they hid in caves and thickets, among the rocks, and in pits and cisterns.

本会注释　　藏在。以色列人敏感地想起了先前在靠近示罗地区的失败，特别是没有撒母耳在场，就惊惶失措了。非利士人的动员使百姓害怕到扫罗无法维持营中秩序的地步，士气迅速低落。几个月前在雅比的胜利被彻底忘记了。最近他们在这里上帝面前欢欣喜乐时的表白和献祭也忘光了（撒上11:15）。他们的惊吓与后来以利沙在他的仆人受到城门前亚兰大军惊吓时所表现的信心形成了多大的对比啊！那仆人的眼目睁开时看到山上遍满了天军。在这个危急的时候，对于扫罗和以色列人而言，参战前等候先知的劝勉与祝福是多么重要啊！

撒上13:7 有些希伯来人过了约但河，逃到迦得和基列地。扫罗还是在吉甲，百姓都战战兢兢地跟随他。

†[吕]或是渡过了约但河渡口，到了迦得和基列地。那时扫罗还在吉甲；众民都震颤发抖、跟从着他。

†[思]另有许多人渡过约但河往加得和基肋阿得去了；但撒乌耳却还在基耳加耳，跟随他的人都战栗害怕。

†[当代]有些过了约旦河，逃到迦得和基列。扫罗就仍然留在吉甲，那些跟随著他的人却害怕得发抖。

†[新译]有些希伯来人渡过了约旦河，逃到迦得和基列地。但是扫罗仍然留在吉甲，跟随他的众人都恐惧战兢。

†[Wlb]亦有希伯来人济约但、至迦得与基列地、扫罗仍在吉甲、民战栗而从之、

†[Xdv]有些人渡过约旦河，逃到迦得和基列地区去。扫罗还在吉甲，随从他的人都惊惶战栗。

†[Kjv]And some of the Hebrews went over Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead. As for Saul, he was yet in Gilgal, and all the people followed him trembling.

†[Nkjv]And some of the Hebrews crossed over the Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead. As for Saul, he was still in Gilgal, and all the people followed him trembling.

†[BBE]And a great number of the people had gone over Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead; but Saul was still in Gilgal, and all the people went after him shaking in fear.

†[GNT] others crossed the Jordan River into the territories of Gad and Gilead. Saul was still at Gilgal, and the people with him were trembling with fear.

†[NIV]Some Hebrews even crossed the Jordan to the land of Gad and Gilead. Saul remained at Gilgal, and all the troops with him were quaking with fear.

本会注释　　希伯来人过了。当扫罗召集军队时，他说：“要使希伯来人听见”（3节）。然而第7节提到“希伯来人”逃跑过了约旦河（“有些”原文没有），而第6节说以色列人藏在“在以法莲山地”（撒上14:22，修订标准本）的洞里。“希伯来人”一贯被非利士人用来指他们的对手，但《撒母耳记》的作者似乎在“以色列人”和“希伯来人”之间作了区别。例如在第19节中提到非利士人控制了所有的铁匠，“恐怕希伯来人制造刀枪”。作为对比，作者自己又说“以色列人下到非利士人”磨他们的器具。然而七十士译本这里把“希伯来人”译作为“奴隶。”见第3节注释。

撒上13:8 扫罗照着撒母耳所定的日期等了七日。撒母耳还没有来到吉甲，百姓也离开扫罗散去了。 (串)撒上10:8

†[吕]扫罗照撒母耳所定的日期等了七天；撒母耳还没有来到吉甲，人民都渐渐离开扫罗散去了。

†[思]撒乌耳照撒慕尔约定的日期等了七天，但是撒慕尔却没有到基耳加耳来，因此军民离开撒乌耳四散逃跑了。

†[当代]在较早以前，撒母耳曾吩咐扫罗在吉甲等候七日，但七天过去了，撒母耳还没有来到，而扫罗的兵士已不断地溜走。

†[新译]扫罗照着撒母耳所定的日期等了七天，但撒母耳还没有来到吉甲，众人就离开扫罗散去了。

†[Wlb]扫罗依撒母耳所定之期、待之七日、而撒母耳未至吉甲、民渐离散、

†[Xdv]他照着塞缪尔的指示，在吉甲等了七天，但塞缪尔还没有到。人民开始离弃扫罗，

†[Kjv]And he tarried seven days, according to the set time that Samuel had appointed: but Samuel came not to Gilgal; and the people were scattered from him.

†[Nkjv]Then he waited seven days, according to the time set by Samuel. But Samuel did not come to Gilgal; and the people were scattered from him.

†[BBE]And he went on waiting there for seven days, the time fixed by Samuel: but Samuel did not come to Gilgal; and the people were starting to go away from him.

†[GNT] He waited seven days for Samuel, as Samuel had instructed him to do, but Samuel still had not come to Gilgal. The people began to desert Saul,

†[NIV]He waited seven days, the time set by Samuel; but Samuel did not come to Gilgal, and Saul's men began to scatter.

本会注释　　等了七日。不一定指扫罗等了整整七天，撒母耳到第八天开始才到达，比约定会面的时间晚了一天。可能先知在指定会面的那一天早些时候还没出现（见《先祖与先知》617页），扫罗就僭取了献祭的职责。在膏立扫罗为王时，撒母耳曾指示他关于这件事；他应该到吉甲并等到撒母耳前来（见撒上10:8；参《先祖与先知》617页）。撒母耳确实在约定献祭的时间之后不久就到达了，不料竟会发现扫罗的违命行为（撒上13:10）。

撒上13:9 扫罗说：“把燔祭和平安祭带到我这里来。”扫罗就献上燔祭。

†[吕]扫罗说：“把燔祭和平安祭送到我这里来”；扫罗就献上燔祭。

†[思]撒乌耳于是吩咐说：“把全燔祭品与和平祭品送到我这来！”他遂献了全燔祭。

†[当代]于是，扫罗就决定自己先去献上燔祭和平安祭。

†[新译]扫罗说：“你们把燔祭和平安祭带到我这里来。”他就献上燔祭。

†[Wlb]扫罗曰、携燔祭及酬恩祭至此、遂献燔祭、

†[Xdv]所以扫罗对他们说：“把烧化祭和平安祭的祭牲带到我这里来！”他就献了烧化祭。

†[Kjv]And Saul said, Bring hither a burnt offering to me, and peace offerings. And he offered the burnt offering.

†[Nkjv]So Saul said, "Bring a burnt offering and peace offerings here to me." And he offered the burnt offering.

†[BBE]Then Saul said, Come here and give me the burned offering and the peace-offerings. And he made a burned offering to the Lord.

†[GNT] so he said to them, "Bring me the burnt sacrifices and the fellowship sacrifices." He offered a burnt sacrifice,

†[NIV]So he said, "Bring me the burnt offering and the fellowship offerings. " And Saul offered up the burnt offering.

撒上13:10 刚献完燔祭，撒母耳就到了。扫罗出去迎接他，要问他好。

†[吕]刚把燔祭献上完了，撒母耳就来到了；扫罗出去迎接他，要向他祝福请安。

†[思]他刚献完全燔祭，撒慕尔来了，撒乌耳便去迎接他，向他致敬。

†[当代]扫罗刚把燔祭献完，撒母耳就来到了，扫罗上前去迎接他和接受他的祝福，

†[新译]他刚刚献完了燔祭，撒母耳就来到了；扫罗出去迎接他，向他问安。

†[Wlb]献燔祭毕、撒母耳至、扫罗出迓问安、

†[Xdv]正当他献完祭的时候，塞缪尔到了。扫罗出去迎接他，

†[Kjv]And it came to pass, that as soon as he had made an end of offering the burnt offering, behold, Samuel came; and Saul went out to meet him, that he might salute him.

†[Nkjv]Now it happened, as soon as he had finished presenting the burnt offering, that Samuel came; and Saul went out to meet him, that he might greet him.

†[BBE]And when the burned offering was ended, Samuel came; and Saul went out to see him and to give him a blessing.

†[GNT] and just as he was finishing, Samuel arrived. Saul went out to meet him and welcome him,

†[NIV]Just as he finished making the offering, Samuel arrived, and Saul went out to greet him.

撒上13:11 撒母耳说：“你做的是什么事呢？”扫罗说：“因为我见百姓离开我散去，你也不照所定的日期来到，而且非利士人聚集在密抹。

†[吕]撒母耳说：“你干了什么事了？”扫罗说：“因为我见人民渐渐离开我散去了，你又没有在所定的日期以内来到，而且非利士人也聚集在密抹；

†[思]撒慕尔问道：“你作了什么事？”撒乌耳答说：“我看见军民离开我四散逃跑了，你又没有照定期来，同时培肋舍特人已集合在米革玛斯，

†[当代]撒母耳却对他说：“你做了什么事呢？”扫罗回答说：“我看见我的部下不断离开我，你到了约定的时候还没有来到，非利士人又在密抹随时攻打过来，

†[新译]撒母耳说：“你作了什么事？”扫罗回答：“因为我看见众民都离开我散去了，你又没有照所定的日子来到，而非利士人正在密抹聚集起来。

†[Wlb]撒母耳曰、汝所行何事、扫罗曰、定期既届、尔未式临、我见斯民离散、而非利士人集于密抹、

†[Xdv]但塞缪尔责问他：“你做了什么事呢？”扫罗说：“人民离弃我，而你也不照约定的时间来，并且非利士人正聚集在密抹。

†[Kjv]And Samuel said, What hast thou done? And Saul said, Because I saw that the people were scattered from me, and that thou camest not within the days appointed, and that the Philistines gathered themselves together at Michmash;

†[Nkjv]And Samuel said, "What have you done?" Saul said, "When I saw that the people were scattered from me, and that you did not come within the days appointed, and that the Philistines gathered together at Michmash,

†[BBE]And Samuel said, What have you done? And Saul said, Because I saw that the people were going away from me, and you had not come at the time which had been fixed, and the Philistines had come together at Michmash;

†[GNT] but Samuel said, "What have you done?" Saul answered, "The people were deserting me, and you had not come when you said you would; besides that, the Philistines are gathering at Michmash.

†[NIV]What have you done?" asked Samuel. Saul replied, "When I saw that the men were scattering, and that you did not come at the set time, and that the Philistines were assembling at Micmash,

本会注释　　百姓散去。摩西在预言以色列要求立王时，曾警告统治者不可“加添马匹”，即依靠物质装备作为保护（申17:16；参赛31:3）。反之，作为国家的领导和百姓的榜样，他应该抄录一本律法书，殷勤学习，并顺从里面的指示。
　　但扫罗想到以色列邻国的军事装备，和他们的现役部队，就开始想到除了单单信靠上帝之外的安全与成功了。他自己心中既有这种观念，就没能用由信靠上帝产生的勇气鼓舞他的属下。缺少了这个，又没有任何武器可以依赖，他的属下若不用比扫罗更清楚的眼光就看不到可以期盼胜利的任何基础。前途看来无望。因而当初次得知真正危险的时候，扫罗的大部分军队就出于恐惧，为他们个人的安全逃跑了，留下他和不到600人在吉甲。他的侦察兵带回来的话语是敌人集合在密抹，有18.4公里远，他不仅为国家担心，也为自己的安全担心。
　　扫罗丧失了他军队的信心和尊敬。每一天都有越来越多的人开小差。他彻底灰心了。他的人数剧减。他准备把这种情形完全归咎于撒母耳，因他没有出现。扫罗因撒母耳没有到场感到受了伤害。在这种精神中，他与先知会面没有做任何道歉，却带着一种自我辩白的精神。这与他准备攻击亚扪人时的精神是怎样的对比呀！

撒上13:12 所以我心里说：恐怕我没有祷告耶和华。非利士人下到吉甲攻击我，我就勉强献上燔祭。”

†[吕]故此我心里说：‘非利士人这就会下吉甲来攻打我，我又还没求求永恒主的情面呢’，因此我便勉强把燔祭献上了。’

†[思]所以我想现在培肋舍特人就要下到基耳加耳来攻打我，我还没向上主求援，所以我迫不得已，奉献了全燔祭。”

†[当代]我想：非利士人已经准备好到吉甲来攻打我们了，但我们却还未有来求取主的帮助呢！我迫不得已，所以就没有等你到来，便去献上燔祭了。”

†[新译]我心里想：‘非利士人现在就要下到吉甲来攻打我，我却还没有向耶和华求恩。’所以我就勉强自己把燔祭献上了。”

†[Wlb]则曰、非利士人必至吉甲攻我、而我未求耶和华恩施、故我强献燔祭、

†[Xdv]我想，非利士人要在吉甲攻击我，我们还没有获得上主的垂顾，所以我不得不自己献祭。”

†[Kjv]Therefore said I, The Philistines will come down now upon me to Gilgal, and I have not made supplication unto the LORD: I forced myself therefore, and offered a burnt offering.

†[Nkjv]then I said, "The Philistines will now come down on me at Gilgal, and I have not made supplication to the LORD.' Therefore I felt compelled, and offered a burnt offering."

†[BBE]I said, Now the Philistines will come down on me at Gilgal, and I have made no prayer for help to the Lord: and so, forcing myself to do it, I made a burned offering.

†[GNT] So I thought, "The Philistines are going to attack me here in Gilgal, and I have not tried to win the Lord's favor.' So I felt I had to offer a sacrifice."

†[NIV]I thought, 'Now the Philistines will come down against me at Gilgal, and I have not sought the Lord 's favor.' So I felt compelled to offer the burnt offering."

撒上13:13 撒母耳对扫罗说：“你做了糊涂事了，没有遵守耶和华你上帝所吩咐你的命令。若遵守，耶和华必在以色列中坚立你的王位，直到永远。 (串)撒下24:10代上21:8代下16:9|撒上15:11

†[吕]撒母耳对扫罗说：‘你干了糊涂事了；假使你（传统：你没有）遵守永恒主你的上帝所吩咐你的命令，那么永恒主就会在以色列中坚立你的王位、直到永远。

†[思]撒慕尔对撒乌耳说：“你作的真糊涂！假使你遵守了上主你的天主吩咐的命令，上主必巩固你在以色列的王位直到永远。

†[当代]撒母耳痛心地说：“你真糊涂！你已经违背了主你上帝的命令了。祂本来要让你和你的后代永远作以色列的王；

†[新译]撒母耳对扫罗说：“你作了糊涂事了！你没有谨守耶和华你的　神吩咐你的命令。如果你谨守，耶和华就必在以色列中坚立你的王位，直到永远。

†[Wlb]撒母耳曰、尔所为者愚也、不遵尔上帝耶和华所命、如其遵之、则耶和华必在以色列中、坚尔国祚、历久弗替、

†[Xdv]塞缪尔说：“你做了胡涂事了！你没有遵守上主──你的上帝给你的命令。如果你遵守，他会使你和你的后代永远统治以色列。

†[Kjv]And Samuel said to Saul, Thou hast done foolishly: thou hast not kept the commandment of the LORD thy God, which he commanded thee: for now would the LORD have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever.

†[Nkjv]And Samuel said to Saul, "You have done foolishly. You have not kept the commandment of the LORD your God, which He commanded you. For now the LORD would have established your kingdom over Israel forever.

†[BBE]And Samuel said to Saul, You have done a foolish thing: you have not kept the rules which the Lord your God gave you; it was the purpose of the Lord to make your authority over Israel safe for ever.

†[GNT] "That was a foolish thing to do," Samuel answered. "You have not obeyed the command the Lord your God gave you. If you had obeyed, he would have let you and your descendants rule over Israel forever.

†[NIV]You acted foolishly," Samuel said. "You have not kept the command the Lord your God gave you; if you had, he would have established your kingdom over Israel for all time.

本会注释　　你作了糊涂事了。即受情感所控制，而不受基于过去天意眷顾的对上帝的信心所控制。如果上帝与你同在，谁还能与你作对呢？基甸用32,000人中的300人所做的，扫罗当然能用3,000人中的600做！但是如果他拒绝信靠上帝的应许和祂仆人的话语，表现出一种不信和在危机中游移不定的态度，上帝怎么还能继续与他同在呢？要是扫罗愿意降卑自己的心，以色列的历史会多么不同啊！

撒上13:14 现在你的王位必不长久。耶和华已经寻着一个合他心意的人，立他作百姓的君，因为你没有遵守耶和华所吩咐你的。” (串)徒13:22撒上15:28

†[吕]但现在你的王位必立不住了；永恒主已经为自己找到一个合他心意的人；永恒主已经委任他做人君来管理他的人民，因为你没有遵守永恒主所吩咐你的。”

†[思]但现在你的王位已立不住了；上主已另找了一位随他心意的人，立他为百姓的首领，因为你没有遵守上主吩咐你的命令。”

†[当代]但现在你的王位已不能保了，因为主已经找到一个愿意服从祂的人，并且把他委立为祂子民的君王。这都是因为你不服从主的命令的缘故啊！”

†[新译]但现在你的王位必不长久，耶和华已经为自己找到一个合他心意的人，立他作自己子民的领袖，因为你没有谨守耶和华所吩咐你的。”

†[Wlb]今尔不守厥命、尔之国祚不永、耶和华已寻获一人、遂乎其心、立为其民之长、

†[Xdv]可是现在，你的王朝不会长久，因为你不听从他。上主要找合他心意的人，使他作他子民的统治者。”

†[Kjv]But now thy kingdom shall not continue: the LORD hath sought him a man after his own heart, and the LORD hath commanded him to be captain over his people, because thou hast not kept that which the LORD commanded thee.

†[Nkjv]But now your kingdom shall not continue. The LORD has sought for Himself a man after His own heart, and the LORD has commanded him to be commander over His people, because you have not kept what the LORD commanded you."

†[BBE]But now, your authority will not go on: the Lord, searching for a man who is pleasing to him in every way, has given him the place of ruler over his people, because you have not done what the Lord gave you orders to do.

†[GNT] But now your rule will not continue. Because you have disobeyed him, the Lord will find the kind of man he wants and make him ruler of his people."

†[NIV]But now your kingdom will not endure; the Lord has sought out a man after his own heart and appointed him leader of his people, because you have not kept the Lord 's command."

本会注释　　你的王位。扫罗没有藉口自己误解了撒母耳的指示，或说那些指示不清楚。在另一方面，他坦率地承认是依照自己的愿望，故意违背了撒母耳的指示。请将扫罗的立场与亚当在伊甸园中的立场，或与基督在试探之山上的立场进行比较。基督在进入旷野受魔鬼试探之前，曾有过祂是上帝爱子的保证。六周后，祂既感到极其饥饿，又不知道在祂前面的是什么，就耐心等候着神圣的指导。正在祂似乎被忽视，并且由于精神压力感到疲倦憔悴时，撒但就设法动摇祂对上帝话语的信心。然而在亚当失败的地方，在扫罗选择走下坡路的地方，基督胜利了！
　　撒母耳的责备本是要让扫罗悔罪和降卑，却是徒然。先知的出现原应使扫罗想起撒母耳在过去几个月中的热心关怀与无私的关心。但这一切不幸都忘却了！扫罗试图通过归咎于撒母耳，证明自己是正确的。扫罗是这样，各世代的人也一直都是这样。当困难压境时，对迫近危险的恐惧就排挤了理智的思维，导致精神的急躁，想要立即解决问题。在这样的压力下，理智就看不清义务，并代之以批评指责别人，和证明这种选择是正当的强烈决心。从前对上帝的保护与指导看顾的信心就让位于愤世嫉俗的不信和最终的背叛。

撒上13:15 撒母耳就起来，从吉甲上到便雅悯的基比亚。扫罗数点跟随他的，约有六百人。 (串)本章2|撒上14:2

†[吕]撒母耳就起身，从吉甲上去，走他的路，其余的众民都跟着扫罗上去迎接战士；他们从吉甲来（传统：起身从吉甲上便雅悯的基比亚）到便雅悯的基比亚。扫罗点阅所有跟随他的、约有六百人。

†[思]撒慕尔就起身离开基耳加耳走了。剩下的人跟随撒乌耳从基耳加耳上到了本雅明的革巴，与那的军队会合；撒乌耳统计了随从他的部队，约有六百人。

†[当代]于是，撒母耳就离开吉甲往便雅悯的基比亚去。扫罗点算那些仍然留在他身边的，发现只余下约六百人。

†[新译]于是撒母耳动身，从吉甲上便雅悯的基比亚去；扫罗数点跟随他的人，约有六百人。

†[Wlb]撒母耳遂起、自吉甲往便雅悯之基比亚、扫罗核其从者、计六百人、

†[Xdv]塞缪尔离开吉甲，继续他的行程。其余的民众跟随扫罗，去跟他的军队会合。他们从吉甲到便雅悯地区的基比亚。扫罗数点他的军队，大约有六百人。

†[Kjv]And Samuel arose, and gat him up from Gilgal unto Gibeah of Benjamin. And Saul numbered the people that were present with him, about six hundred men.

†[Nkjv]Then Samuel arose and went up from Gilgal to Gibeah of Benjamin. And Saul numbered the people present with him, about six hundred men.

†[BBE]Then Samuel went up from Gilgal and the rest of the people went up after Saul against the men of war, and they came from Gilgal to Gibeah in the land of Benjamin: and Saul took the number of the people who were with him, about six hundred men.

†[GNT] Samuel left Gilgal and went on his way. The rest of the people followed Saul as he went to join his soldiers. They went from Gilgal to Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin. Saul inspected his troops, about six hundred men.

†[NIV]Then Samuel left Gilgal and went up to Gibeah in Benjamin, and Saul counted the men who were with him. They numbered about six hundred.

本会注释　　基比亚。希伯来文是gib`ah（见16节注释）。

撒上13:16 扫罗和他儿子约拿单，并跟随他们的人，都住在便雅悯的迦巴；但非利士人安营在密抹。 (串)本章3撒上14:5赛10:29

†[吕]扫罗和他的儿子约拿单并所有跟随他的众兵都住在迦巴在便雅悯境内；非利士人乃是在密抹扎营。

†[思]撒乌耳和他的儿子约纳堂，并一切随从他们的人驻扎在本雅明的革巴；同时培肋舍特人已在米革玛斯安了营。

†[当代]扫罗、约拿单和这六百人就在便雅悯的迦巴扎营，非利士人却留在密抹。

†[新译]扫罗和他的儿子约拿单，以及跟随他们的人都停留在便雅悯的迦巴，非利士人却在密抹安营。

†[Wlb]扫罗及其子约拿单、与其从者、俱居于便雅悯之迦巴、非利士人建营于密抹、

†[Xdv]扫罗和他儿子乔纳单，以及跟随他们的人在便雅悯地区的迦巴扎营；非利士人在密抹驻扎。

†[Kjv]And Saul, and Jonathan his son, and the people that were present with them, abode in Gibeah of Benjamin: but the Philistines encamped in Michmash.

†[Nkjv]Saul, Jonathan his son, and the people present with them remained in Gibeah of Benjamin. But the Philistines encamped in Michmash.

†[BBE]And Saul, with Jonathan his son and the people who were with them, was waiting in Geba in the land of Benjamin: but the tents of the Philistines were in Michmash.

†[GNT] Saul, his son Jonathan, and their men camped in Geba in the territory of Benjamin; the Philistine camp was at Michmash.

†[NIV]Saul and his son Jonathan and the men with them were staying in Gibeah in Benjamin, while the Philistines camped at Micmash.

本会注释　　迦巴。不是15节的基比亚。从密抹直接穿过旱谷就是迦巴（见撒上14:4,5）。翻译的混乱可能缘于认为迦巴和基比亚是同一地名的不同拼法，如一些较早的地图所显示的。有时迦巴确实叫做基比亚，但是似乎素来有两个地方（见@撒上14:16@注释）。除了其他圣经的线索之外，如果近来的发掘正确地把扫罗的要塞定位在迦巴西南5公里处、耶路撒冷正北的Tell el-Fūl（见《SDA圣经注释》卷一，第124页）的话，那么约拿单就没去那里，而显然“住在”密抹对面的迦巴，如这里所暗示的，在他从非利士人手中夺来之后（3节），并且扫罗从吉甲回来之后可能和他会合。

撒上13:17 有掠兵从非利士营中出来，分为三队：一队往俄弗拉向书亚地去， (串)撒上14:15

†[吕]有游击兵从非利士营中出来，分为三队，一队向俄弗拉的路向、向书亚地进发，

†[思]那时从培肋舍特营中有叁个突击队出发：一队取道敖斐辣，开往叔阿耳地方；

†[当代]非利士人分成三队施行突袭；一队直指书亚境内的俄弗拉，

†[新译]有突击队从非利士人的营里出来，分成三队，一队往俄弗拉向书亚地去，

†[Wlb]有掠者自非利士营出、分为三队、一由俄弗拉道、至书亚地、

†[Xdv]非利士军队从营地分三队出击：一队往书亚地区的俄弗拉，

†[Kjv]And the spoilers came out of the camp of the Philistines in three companies: one company turned unto the way that leadeth to Ophrah, unto the land of Shual:

†[Nkjv]Then raiders came out of the camp of the Philistines in three companies. One company turned onto the road to Ophrah, to the land of Shual,

†[BBE]And three bands of men came out from the Philistines to make an attack; one band went by the road which goes to Ophrah, into the land of Shual:

†[GNT] The Philistine soldiers went out on raids from their camp in three groups: one group went toward Ophrah in the territory of Shual,

†[NIV]Raiding parties went out from the Philistine camp in three detachments. One turned toward Ophrah in the vicinity of Shual,

本会注释　　三队。俄弗拉可能在两条主干道的交会处，在耶利哥西北。“书亚地”直译是“豺狼之地”，可能指俄弗拉东部地区多洞穴的斜坡，因为山地从以法莲山的顶峰向着约旦迅速倾斜。这片土地遍布着石灰石的多孔洞穴，是极好的藏身之处。

撒上13:18 一队往伯和仑去，一队往洗波音谷对面的地境向旷野去。 (串)书10:10

†[吕]一队向伯和崙进发，一队向那眺望洗波音谷境地之路向、向旷野进发。

†[思]一队开往贝特曷龙；另一队开往革巴，此地俯瞰往旷野去的袋狼山谷。

†[当代]另一队来到伯和仑，第三队就向著边境进发，到洗波音谷对面的沙漠地带去。

†[新译]一队往伯和仑去，一队往洗波音谷对面的境界向旷野去。

†[Wlb]一由伯和仑道、一由洗波音谷相对之境、往于旷野、

†[Xdv]一队往伯和仑，另一队往俯视洗波音谷和旷野的山间去。

†[Kjv]And another company turned the way to Bethhoron: and another company turned to the way of the border that looketh to the valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness.

†[Nkjv]another company turned to the road to Beth Horon, and another company turned to the road of the border that overlooks the Valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness.

†[BBE]And another went in the direction of Beth-horon: and another went by the hill looking down on the valley of Zeboiim, in the direction of the waste land.

†[GNT] another went toward Beth Horon, and the other one went to the border overlooking Zeboim Valley and the wilderness.

†[NIV]another toward Beth Horon, and the third toward the borderland overlooking the Valley of Zeboim facing the desert.

本会注释　　伯和仑。上伯和仑和下伯和仑分别在密抹以西15.2公里和18.4公里处，靠近以法莲与便雅悯的边界，那里的山地陡然下降到示非拉。尼11:34中提到洗波音邻近亚拿突和密抹南部的其它城镇，朝着犹大沙漠方向。密抹战役清楚地说明了非利士人并没有向吉甲前进，而是向北、西和南侧翼包围。他们试图切断他们现在认为已被封锁在密抹东部洞穴中扫罗部队的援兵。

撒上13:19 那时，以色列全地没有一个铁匠；因为非利士人说，恐怕希伯来人制造刀枪。 (串)王下24:14

†[吕]那时以色列全地找不着一个匠人，因为非利士人说：“恐怕希伯来人制造刀矛。”

†[思]那时，在以色列全境内没有铁匠，原来培肋舍特人说过：“免得希伯来人制造刀。”

†[当代]那时，以色列人中是没有铁匠的，因为非利士人恐怕希伯来人私下制造枪剑。如果以色列人需要磨锄、犁、斧和铲等工具，他们要把这些铁器带到非利士的铁匠那里去，

†[新译]那时，以色列全地找不到一个铁匠，因为非利士人说：“恐怕希伯来人制造刀剑或枪矛。”

†[Wlb]时、以色列全地无有铁工、盖非利士人曰、恐希伯来人制作剑戟也、

†[Xdv]那时，以色列境内没有铁匠，因为非利士人不让希伯来人制造刀枪。

†[Kjv]Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel: for the Philistines said, Lest the Hebrews make them swords or spears:

†[Nkjv]Now there was no blacksmith to be found throughout all the land of Israel, for the Philistines said, "Lest the Hebrews make swords or spears."

†[BBE]Now there was no iron-worker in all the land of Israel: for the Philistines said, For fear the Hebrews make themselves swords or spears:

†[GNT] There were no blacksmiths in Israel because the Philistines were determined to keep the Hebrews from making swords and spears

†[NIV]Not a blacksmith could be found in the whole land of Israel, because the Philistines had said, "Otherwise the Hebrews will make swords or spears!"

本会注释　　没有一个铁匠。非利士人似乎一度垄断了迦南的造铁业，可能还垄断了其它金属的制造业。当时巴勒斯坦使用的铁来自小亚细亚，是通过沿海城市进口的。当然，这些是在非利士人的控制之下。因而在他们来看，通过垄断制造业解除希伯来人的武装对他们来说比较容易。

撒上13:20 以色列人要磨锄、犁、斧、铲，就下到非利士人那里去磨。

†[吕]以色列众人都下到非利士人那里各人修打自己的犁头、耒耜、斧子、镰刀（传统：作‘犁头’）；

†[思]因此，以色列人为磨快犁、锄、斧、镰，都要下到培肋舍特人那。

†[当代]－

†[新译]以色列众人要磨锄头、犁头、斧头和铲子，就各自下到非利士人那里去磨。

†[Wlb]以色列人欲利其耒耜斧镢、则诣非利士人所、

†[Xdv]（以色列人必须找非利士人磨犁耙、锄头、斧子、镰刀（希伯来文是：犁）。

†[Kjv]But all the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter, and his axe, and his mattock.

†[Nkjv]But all the Israelites would go down to the Philistines to sharpen each man's plowshare, his mattock, his ax, and his sickle;

†[BBE]But all the Israelites had to go to the Philistines to get their ploughs and blades and axes and hooks made sharp;

†[GNT] (The Israelites had to go to the Philistines to get their plows, hoes, axes, and sickles sharpened;

†[NIV]So all Israel went down to the Philistines to have their plowshares, mattocks, axes and sickles sharpened.

本会注释　　锄。或“犁头。”
　　犁刀。或“鹤嘴锄。
　　铲。或“镰刀。

撒上13:21 但有锉可以锉铲、犁、三齿叉、斧子，并赶牛锥。

†[吕]所费是一个犁头或耒耜要一舍客勒银子的三分之二，一根三齿叉、一个斧子或修整一根犁刺要一舍客勒银子的三分之一。

†[思]磨快犁和锄的价钱是叁分之二“协刻耳，”磨快镰刀或装制刺针是叁分之一“协刻耳。”

†[当代]但他们可以有一个锉，用来磨利铲、犁、三齿叉、斧头和赶畜棒等工具。

†[新译]磨锄头或犁头的价钱是七克银子，磨三齿叉、斧头或刺棒的价钱是四克银子。

†[Wlb]惟有锉、以削其镢耜锸斧、并利其錣、

†[Xdv]磨斧头和修刺棒索价一个小铜板；磨犁耙和锄头就要两个铜板。）

†[Kjv]Yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for the coulters, and for the forks, and for the axes, and to sharpen the goads.

†[Nkjv]and the charge for a sharpening was a pim for the plowshares, the mattocks, the forks, and the axes, and to set the points of the goads.

†[BBE]For they had instruments for putting an edge on their ploughs and blades and forks and axes, and for putting iron points on their ox-driving rods.

†[GNT] the charge was one small coin for sharpening axes and for fixing goads, and two coins for sharpening plows or hoes.)

†[NIV]The price was two thirds of a shekel for sharpening plowshares and mattocks, and a third of a shekel for sharpening forks and axes and for repointing goads.

本会注释　　有锉。近来的发现表明这句话可以译成：“费用是1皮姆”（修订标准本；见《SDA圣经注释》卷一，第164页）。“皮姆”是货币单位，相当于2/3舍客勒，即7.6克或27英制盎斯。
　　可以锉铲。希伯来原文是：“用于犁头和鹤嘴锄。”
　　三齿叉。希伯来文是lishelosh qilleshon。意思不确定。Lishelosh来自shalosh，意思是“分为三部分；”它由两个词组成，le（“适合于”）和shelosh（“第三部分”）。qilleshon在《旧约》其他地方没有使用，意思不确定。译为“叉”只是一种推测，部分是根据一个相似的亚兰词，意思是“变薄”。前面的词lishelosh似乎是“薄”的对象，无论它可能是什么，都是“分为三部分”的。哈卡维的现代希伯来文译本译问“三齿叉，”比“叉”更接近希伯来原文的意思。
　　修订标准本把lishelosh qilleshon，译为“三分之一舍客勒。”与钦定本及其它版本的翻译一样，这也是一种推测，可能基于把qilleshon中的字母调换为sheqel（“舍客勒”），而不是qilleshon，其中的on是“小”的意思。
　　译为“叉”的问题在于当时与现今东方许多地方依旧使用的原始工具一样，叉是木制的，而不是金属的。以色列人不会把木叉带到非利士人那里去磨（见19-21节）。显然，如果lishelosh qilleshon被认为是一种工具，那它就必须是由“铁匠”造的（19节）。鉴于21节的“皮姆”现在知道是一种货币单位，而非一把“锉”，修订标准本译为“三分之一舍客勒”就似乎合理了，但不是结论（见《SDA圣经注释》卷一，第164页）。所以译为“犁头的费用是一皮姆”（修订标准本）似乎更可取。

撒上13:22 所以到了争战的日子，跟随扫罗和约拿单的人没有一个手里有刀有枪的，惟独扫罗和他儿子约拿单有。 (串)本章19士5:8

†[吕]所以当争战的日子、跟随扫罗和约拿单的人、没有一个手里有刀有矛的；惟独扫罗和他儿子约拿单就有。

†[思]所以在米革玛斯到了开战的那一天，随从撒乌耳和约纳堂的人手中都没有刀，是撒乌耳和他的儿子约纳堂有刀。

†[当代]所以、除了扫罗和约拿单外，在这个时候，全部以色列军队的手上，没有一件兵器。当时非利士的一队防兵正守著密抹的隘口。

†[新译]所以，到了争战的时候，跟随扫罗和约拿单的众民，没有一个手里有刀或枪的，只有扫罗和他的儿子约拿单有刀枪。

†[Wlb]故临战时、从扫罗与约拿单之民、手无剑戟、惟扫罗与约拿单有之、

†[Xdv]因此，打仗的时候，除了扫罗和他儿子乔纳单，以色列军队没有一个兵士有刀枪。

†[Kjv]So it came to pass in the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people that were with Saul and Jonathan: but with Saul and with Jonathan his son was there found.

†[Nkjv]So it came about, on the day of battle, that there was neither sword nor spear found in the hand of any of the people who were with Saul and Jonathan. But they were found with Saul and Jonathan his son.

†[BBE]So on the day of the fight at Michmash, not a sword or a spear was to be seen in the hands of any of the people with Saul and Jonathan: only Saul and his son Jonathan had them.

†[GNT] And so on the day of battle none of the Israelite soldiers except Saul and his son Jonathan had swords or spears.

†[NIV]So on the day of the battle not a soldier with Saul and Jonathan had a sword or spear in his hand; only Saul and his son Jonathan had them.

本会注释　　没有一个有刀有枪的。在受了非利士人多年的欺压之后，扫罗和约拿单似乎是唯一持有这些金属武器的人。军队的普通士兵可能有弓和机弦，决不是指射手的装备（见士20:16）。但是他们不能与持有铁制武器的非利士人短兵相接。这节经文说明两点：（1）战争发生在以色列人被良好的组织起来之前，可能在扫罗作王的早期，（2）缺乏武器装备使双方都显然看到上帝为祂百姓的利益而介入。扫罗可能悖逆，结果做了许多愚昧的事；但是上帝依然为以色列作工，鼓励个人加入祂的国度并信靠祂。扫罗拒绝听从上帝的带领，约拿单却乐于并热心于做他父亲原可以做的事。

撒上13:23 非利士人的一队防兵到了密抹的隘口。 (串)撒上10:5;14:11,12|撒上14:4赛10:29

†[吕]非利士人的一队驻防兵出发到了密抹的隘口。

†[思]那时培肋舍特人的前哨向米革玛斯关口推进。

†[当代]－

†[新译]有一队非利士人的驻军出到密抹的隘口去。

†[Wlb]非利士戍卒、出至密抹隘口、

†[Xdv]非利士人派一支军队去防御密抹隘口。

†[Kjv]And the garrison of the Philistines went out to the passage of Michmash.

†[Nkjv]And the garrison of the Philistines went out to the pass of Michmash.

†[BBE]And the armed force of the Philistines went out to the narrow way of Michmash.

†[GNT] The Philistines sent a group of soldiers to defend Michmash Pass.

†[NIV]Now a detachment of Philistines had gone out to the pass at Micmash.

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