创世记第49章

《圣经》创世记-第49章

创49:1 雅各叫了他的儿子们来，说：“你们都来聚集，我好把你们日后必遇的事告诉你们。 (串)民24:14申4:30;31:29但2:28;10:14|本章1-27申33:6-25

†[吕]雅各把他的儿子们叫来，说：“你们要聚集拢来，我好把你们日后所要遇见的事告诉你们；

†[思]雅各伯叫了他的儿子们来说：“你们聚在一起，我要将你们日后所遇到的事告诉你们。

†[当代]雅各把他的儿子都叫来，对他们说：“你们过来我身边，我要把你们将来的遭遇告诉你们。

†[新译]雅各把他的众子叫来，说：“你们要聚集在一起，我要把你们日后必遇到的事告诉你们。

†[Wlb]雅各召诸子曰、尔其会集、我以日后所遇之事告尔、

†[Xdv]雅各召集他儿子们到他跟前来，对他们说：“你们一起来，我要把你们将来要遇到的事告诉你们：

†[Kjv]And Jacob called unto his sons, and said, Gather yourselves together, that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last days.

†[Nkjv]And Jacob called his sons and said, "Gather together, that I may tell you what shall befall you in the last days:

†[BBE]And Jacob sent for his sons, and said, Come together, all of you, so that I may give you news of your fate in future times.

†[GNT] Jacob called for his sons and said, "Gather around, and I will tell you what will happen to you in the future:

†[NIV]Then Jacob called for his sons and said: "Gather around so I can tell you what will happen to you in days to come.

本会注释　　雅各现在要向十二个儿子显示他属灵的遗产。他严肃地劝戒他们倾听他要说的话。正如以撒凭着属灵的预见在他的祝福中（创27）预言雅各和以扫家族未来的历史，雅各也勾画出以十二个儿子为代表的整个民族的未来。虽然他儿子的品格成了他对他们所说预言的出发点，上帝的灵却向这位临终的先祖启示了其后裔未来的历史，以至于他从他儿子们的品格中看出他们延续的支派未来的趋势。对于每个支派，他都以准确无误的预见，指出了其在民族中的地位和重要性。
　　日后。直译为：“在日子的末了”。不是指世界历史的末了，象在一些其他的预言中那样，也不仅指犹太历史结束时的弥赛亚时代。该词在这里仅指“将来”。

创49:2 雅各的儿子们，你们要聚集而听，要听你们父亲以色列的话。

†[吕]雅各的儿子们，你们要集合来听，听你们父亲以色列的话。

†[思]雅各伯的儿子！你们集合静听，静听你们父亲以色列的话：

†[当代]雅各的儿子们啊，你们来听听以色列你们父亲要讲的话：

†[新译]雅各的儿子们哪，你们要一起来听；要听你们父亲以色列的话。

†[Wlb]雅各诸子咸集以听、从尔父以色列言、

†[Xdv]雅各的儿子们哪，要一起来，要听！要留心听你们父亲以色列的话。

†[Kjv]Gather yourselves together, and hear, ye sons of Jacob; and hearken unto Israel your father.

†[Nkjv]"Gather together and hear, you sons of Jacob, And listen to Israel your father.

†[BBE]Come near, O sons of Jacob, and give ear to the words of Israel your father.

†[GNT] "Come together and listen, sons of Jacob. Listen to your father Israel.

†[NIV]Assemble and listen, sons of Jacob; listen to your father Israel.

创49:3 流便哪，你是我的长子，是我力量强壮的时候生的，本当大有尊荣，权力超众。 (串)创29:32|申21:17诗78:51;105:36

†[吕]如便哪，你是我的长子，我强壮时的初生子；我的精力，崇高（或译：高傲）超越，权力（或译：愤怒）超越；

†[思]勒乌本，你是我的长子，我的力量，我壮年的首生；你过于暴燥，过于激烈，

†[当代]“吕便啊！你是我的长子，是我年轻力壮时候所生的，你本应比众人更有尊荣，更有权威；

†[新译]流本哪，你是我的长子，是我的力量，是我的初生子；你大有尊荣，权力超众；

†[Wlb]流便欤、尔乃吾之冢子、吾之能力、我强健时、所首生者、厥荣及权、超越于众、

†[Xdv]我的长子流便哪，你是我的精力；你是我成人后生的第一个儿子，是我最强壮、最值得骄傲的儿子。

†[Kjv]Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:

†[Nkjv]"Reuben, you are my firstborn, My might and the beginning of my strength, The excellency of dignity and the excellency of power.

†[BBE]Reuben, you are my oldest son, the first-fruit of my strength, first in pride and first in power:

†[GNT] "Reuben, my first-born, you are my strength And the first child of my manhood, The proudest and strongest of all my sons.

†[NIV]Reuben, you are my firstborn, my might, the first sign of my strength, excelling in honor, excelling in power.

怀爱伦注释　　见怀爱伦注释-|e创39:9|
　　如水般地动摇──到处都有遇到没有固定之原则的人，这些人是难以抵挡试探的……他们是倚靠自己的力量，他们虽受称赞被高举，而他们的脚乃站在滑动的沙土上，他们如同流便一般，是流动的水在他里面没有正直，他们也好像流便一样必不会善胜常人，你所需要的乃是要仰赖上帝和一颗坚决一心，不论你在何处，都要显出你品格的力量并藉着耶稣基督你能够说：“我怎能行这大恶得上帝呢？”一种易动的良善本性绝不会促使它坚决拒绝那能伤害他的道德和宗教影响的任何建议。这在上帝和人看来往往是受撒但的支配远胜似上帝圣灵的管治，他们由于具有和善圆通的性情，而很容易被引入邪恶的道路，他们既受到损害，就不会公然说：“我怎能行这大恶得罪上帝呢？”他们若被诱取了一枚带有笑容的男人或女人的照镜，他们便好像一只被牵去宰杀的牛，他们与不信上帝的人联络，那不信的人到后来却要嘲笑他们的不顺服，他们没有所投靠的内在力量，他们不将上帝作为自己的倚靠，他们没有崇高本分的原则。（1887.48号信件）
本会注释　　雅各对他的长子所发的预言，象后面所有的话一样，是以诗歌的体裁表达出来的。希伯来诗歌是由对概念，而不是对声音和音节有节奏的重复构成的。按照诗体的编排，对流便的祝福是：
　　流便哪，
　　你是我的长子，我的力量，
　　我力量的初熟果子；
　　在尊荣上超众，
　　在权力上超众。
　　滚沸如水，你必不得居首位，
　　因为你上了你父亲的床，
　　然后你污秽了（他所上的）我的榻。

创49:4 但你放纵情欲，滚沸如水，必不得居首位；因为你上了你父亲的床，污秽了我的榻。 (串)代上5:1创35:22

†[吕]但是沸腾横溢如水，你必不能得超越，因为你上了你父亲的床，就给沾污了：我的铺盖你上去了。

†[思]沸腾有如滚水。你不能占据首位，因为你侵犯了你父亲的床第，上去玷污了我的卧榻。

†[当代]可是，你却不得首位，你要像沸腾的水，翻滚不定，因为你上了你父亲的床，污秽了我的榻。

†[新译]但是你放纵情欲，好像水沸腾一样，你必不能居首位；因为你上了你父亲的床；上了我的榻，然后把它玷污了。

†[Wlb]惟尔如水之沸、故不卓荦、缘登父床、而污我榻、

†[Xdv]你像洪水泛滥，控制不了；你跟父亲的妾同，污辱了你父亲的榻；所以你不能居首位。

†[Kjv]Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel; because thou wentest up to thy father's bed; then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch.

†[Nkjv]Unstable as water, you shall not excel, Because you went up to your father's bed; Then you defiled it-- He went up to my couch.

†[BBE]But because you were uncontrolled, the first place will not be yours; for you went up to your father's bed, even his bride-bed, and made it unclean.

†[GNT] You are like a raging flood, But you will not be the most important, For you slept with my concubine And dishonored your father's bed.

†[NIV]Turbulent as the waters, you will no longer excel, for you went up onto your father's bed, onto my couch and defiled it.

本会注释　　滚沸如水。这里描述了流便三方面的特征：(1) 他是雅各的长子。(2) 他是雅各力量强壮的时候所生的。(3) 他有长子的优先权。但流便作为雅各之长子所通常拥有的优势，因其品格的弱点而被剥夺了。滚沸如水喻指屈从于个人的情感。该词词根的另一种形式用在士9:4和番3:4中指轻薄和骄傲。雅各用这样的话形容流便品格的软弱。他因此丧失了长子所享有的特权。虽然具体的说，他的罪是他与父亲的妾辟拉乱伦（创35:22），但他后来的历史证明，他的品格基本上是不稳定的。这一根本的弱点使他失去了领袖的资格，因为做领导常常需要坚定与果断。当雅各回想起这一大罪，并在他的预言中提到时，他气愤地用第三人称重复了他的话（见原文）。
　　必不得居首位。随着长子权利的撤消，流便失去了担任以色列人领袖的资格。他的支派从未在民中取得有影响力的地位（见申33:6）。流便的后代中没有出现过一个重要的人物──没有士师、没有君王、没有先知。领袖的资格转给了犹大，双份的产业给了约瑟（代上5:1,2）。

创49:5 西缅和利未是弟兄；他们的刀剑是残忍的器具。 (串)创29:33,34;34:25,26

†[吕]西缅和利未是弟兄；他们的刀剑是强暴之器械。

†[思]西默盎和肋未实是一对兄弟；他们的刀剑是残暴的武器。

†[当代]“西缅和利未都是凭仗剑锋，残暴不仁的。

†[新译]西缅和利未是兄弟；他们的刀剑是强暴的武器。

†[Wlb]西缅利未、乃兄弟也、所用之刃、是为凶器、

†[Xdv]西缅和利未难兄难弟；他们同谋以刀剑行凶。

†[Kjv]Simeon and Levi are brethren; instruments of cruelty are in their habitations.

†[Nkjv]"Simeon and Levi are brothers; Instruments of cruelty are in their dwelling place.

†[BBE]Simeon and Levi are brothers; deceit and force are their secret designs.

†[GNT] "Simeon and Levi are brothers. They use their weapons to commit violence.

†[NIV]Simeon and Levi are brothers- their swords are weapons of violence.

本会注释　　西缅和利未。他们不仅在血缘上，而且在思想和行动上都是亲兄弟（见创34:25）。
　　他们的刀剑。“刀剑”一词原文含义不明。还可译为“阴谋”、“联合”、“愤怒”。不论如何，雅各心中所想的显然是他们屠杀示剑人的暴行（创34:25-29），一件雅各永远也不能认可的罪。

创49:6 我的灵啊，不要与他们同谋；我的心哪，不要与他们联络；因为他们趁怒杀害人命，任意砍断牛腿大筋。 (串)诗16:9;57:8|书11:6,9撒下8:4

†[吕]我的心哪，不要进入他们的议会；我的肝肠（或译：荣耀）阿，不要参加他们的集团；因为他们气忿忿地杀人，任意砍断牛腿大筋；

†[思]我的心灵决不加入他们的阴谋，我的心神决不参与他们的聚会；因为他们在盛怒下屠杀了人，任意割断了牛的腿筋。

†[当代]我的灵啊，不要参与他们的阴谋。他们杀人，是为了要泄怒；随意残害母牛，是为要叫自己开心；

†[新译]我的灵啊，不可加入他们的阴谋；我的心啊，不可参与他们的集会，因为他们在怒中杀人，任意砍断牛的腿筋。

†[Wlb]我心不与同谋、我灵不与共会、盖其乘怒而戕人命、纵欲而断牛筋、

†[Xdv]我不参与他们的阴谋，不跟他们同伙；因为他们在烈怒中杀人，任意砍断牛的腿筋。

†[Kjv]O my soul, come not thou into their secret; unto their assembly, mine honour, be not thou united: for in their anger they slew a man, and in their selfwill they digged down a wall.

†[Nkjv]Let not my soul enter their council; Let not my honor be united to their assembly; For in their anger they slew a man, And in their self-will they hamstrung an ox.

†[BBE]Take no part in their secrets, O my soul; keep far away, O my heart, from their meetings; for in their wrath they put men to death, and for their pleasure even oxen were wounded.

†[GNT] I will not join in their secret talks, Nor will I take part in their meetings, For they killed people in anger And they crippled bulls for sport.

†[NIV]Let me not enter their council, let me not join their assembly, for they have killed men in their anger and hamstrung oxen as they pleased.

本会注释　　他们趁怒杀害人命。这里的“人”是复数概念。
　　砍断牛腿大筋。指砍断动物的后腿腱使之变瘸（见书11:6,9；撒下8:4）。在创34:28中只提到示剑人的牛群被夺走，而没有说被弄瘸。但雅各的儿子在意的是报复而不是战利品，所以他们很可能也弄瘸一些牲畜。雅各提到的前一项行为，最能表现他们的残忍，使他们失去了作领袖的资格。

创49:7 他们的怒气暴烈可咒；他们的忿恨残忍可诅。我要使他们分居在雅各家里，散住在以色列地中。 (串)书19:1-9代上4:24-39

†[吕]他们的忿怒可咒诅，因为很猛烈；他们的暴怒可咒诅，因为很严厉：我必使他们分居于雅各家；使他们散住在以色列。

†[思]他们的忿怒这样激烈，他们的狂暴这样凶狠，实可诅咒！我要使他们分散在雅各伯内，使他们散居在以色列中。

†[当代]我要咒诅他们的狂暴凶残，我要把他们从雅各家分隔出来，分散到以色列各地。

†[新译]他们的怒气可咒，因为非常暴烈；他们的烈怒可诅，因为十分凶猛；我要把他们分散在雅各家；把他们散居在以色列。

†[Wlb]厥怒烈可咒、厥气暴可诅、我必分之于雅各家、散之于以色列族、

†[Xdv]他们暴躁忿怒，该受咒诅；他们狂暴残忍，该受惩罚。我要使他们分散在以色列全境；我要使他们散居以色列人当中。

†[Kjv]Cursed be their anger, for it was fierce; and their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide them in Jacob, and scatter them in Israel.

†[Nkjv]Cursed be their anger, for it is fierce; And their wrath, for it is cruel! I will divide them in Jacob And scatter them in Israel.

†[BBE]A curse on their passion for it was bitter; and on their wrath for it was cruel. I will let their heritage in Jacob be broken up, driving them from their places in Israel.

†[GNT] A curse be on their anger, because it is so fierce, And on their fury, because it is so cruel. I will scatter them throughout the land of Israel. I will disperse them among its people.

†[NIV]Cursed be their anger, so fierce, and their fury, so cruel! I will scatter them in Jacob and disperse them in Israel.

本会注释　　由于这两兄弟合伙犯罪，他们的后代将在迦南被分开或散居。他们将不能组成独立的支派。这一预言在以色列人回归迦南的时候应验了。摩西第二次清点以色列民时，西缅成了所有支派中最弱小的（民26:14），而且在摩西的祝福中，西缅也被完全忽略了。这个支派没有得到独立的领土为业，而只得到犹大境内的一些城市（书19:1-19）。由于西缅的家族总体上说几乎没什么增长（代上4:27），他们中的大多数最终都被犹大支派同化了。其他的人分两批迁到了应许之地以外的地区（代上4:38-43）。
　　利未没有获得领土为业，而只是得到了分散在其他支派中的48所城市（书21:1-42）。但利未人在以色列中的分散变成了对众人的福气，因为他们被选担任祭司的工作。虽然雅各从流便身上收回了长子的名分，并对西缅和利未的罪行发出了诅咒，但他并没有否认他们任何一个人为他的儿子。利未后来的历史证明，一个诅咒如何可以既得到应验，又变成有关人员的福气。在西乃，利未的后代在其他所有的人都堕落时独自坚持了正义（出32:26），因此作为一个支派被授予宗教的领导地位。虽然雅各所说他们得不到产业的诅咒没有改变，但其应验却给他们自己和他们的兄弟带来了福气（民18:20）。

创49:8 犹大啊，你弟兄们必赞美你；你手必掐住仇敌的颈项；你父亲的儿子们必向你下拜。 (串)创29:35|伯16:12|创27:29

†[吕]犹大阿，你弟兄们必称赞你；你的手必掐住你仇敌的脖子；你父亲的儿子们必向你下拜。

†[思]犹大！你将受你兄弟的赞扬；你的手必压在你仇敌的颈上；你父亲的儿子要向你俯首致敬。

†[当代]犹大啊，你的兄弟要赞美你，你要降伏你的仇敌，你父亲的儿子也要向你下拜。

†[新译]犹大啊，你的兄弟们要称赞你；你的手必压住仇敌的颈项；你父亲的众子必向你下拜。

†[Wlb]维汝犹大、兄弟颂扬、尔父之子、伏拜尔前、尔手扼敌之颈、

†[Xdv]犹大呀，你的兄弟们要称赞你。你要掐住敌人的脖子；你的兄弟们要在你面前下拜。

†[Kjv]Judah, thou art he whom thy brethren shall praise: thy hand shall be in the neck of thine enemies; thy father's children shall bow down before thee.

†[Nkjv]"Judah, you are he whom your brothers shall praise; Your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies; Your father's children shall bow down before you.

†[BBE]To you, Judah, will your brothers give praise: your hand will be on the neck of your haters; your father's sons will go down to the earth before you.

†[GNT] "Judah, your brothers will praise you. You hold your enemies by the neck. Your brothers will bow down before you.

†[NIV]Judah, your brothers will praise you; your hand will be on the neck of your enemies; your father's sons will bow down to you.

本会注释　　雅各的第四个儿子第一个获得了丰富而无限的祝福的，被授予至高的地位和权柄。雅各虽然没有明说，但实际上犹大已取得了长子的领导权，就是流便因情感的不稳定，西缅和利未因他们的残忍而失去的特权。
　　你弟兄们必赞美你。根据创29:35，犹大这个名字的意思是“赞美”。雅各用东方人所喜爱的双关语，保证犹大将获得兄弟们对他的赞美。犹大曾表现出一种高尚的品格。即使是在约瑟的兄弟们企图谋害约瑟的黑暗时刻，犹大还提出了一个保全约瑟性命的方案（创37:26,27）。其品格的优秀还表现在他为便雅悯的性命而将自己的性命作抵押，以及他替便雅悯向约瑟求情，为要救他不致沦为奴隶（创43:9,10；44:16-34）。更早一些，他的品格也表现在他对他玛的态度上（创38:26），虽然最初他似乎是一个轻率鲁莽的人（见@创38:7-26@注释）。他借着坚决地克服各种生来的倾向而获得了自己品格的力量。这种力量也反映在以他的名字命名之支派的勇气上。
　　你父亲的儿子们。雅各预言了犹大将使他的敌人逃跑并辖制他们之后，接着断言说犹大的兄弟们也要向他下拜。值得注意的是，不仅是他母亲所生的儿子们，即从利亚而出的各支派（见创27:29；士8:19），而且所有“他父亲的儿子们”，即以色列的所有支派都要这样做。这在大卫成为全以色列的王时得到了应验（撒下5:1,2）。

创49:9 犹大是个小狮子；我儿啊，你抓了食便上去。你屈下身去，卧如公狮，蹲如母狮，谁敢惹你？ (串)何5:14启5:5申33:22|民23:24;24:9

†[吕]犹大是个小狮子；‘我儿阿，你抓了所抓到的便上山穴去（或译：而长大起来）；’他屈身伏着像公狮、像母狮，谁敢惹他呢？

†[思]犹大是只幼狮；我儿，你猎取食物后上来，屈身伏卧，有如雄狮，又如母狮，谁敢惊动？

†[当代]犹大是一头小狮子，他吃过了他的猎物，就像雄狮一样卧下，谁也不敢打扰他。

†[新译]犹大是只小狮子；我儿啊，你猎取了食物就上到洞穴去。他屈身伏卧，好像公狮，又像母狮，谁敢惊动他呢？

†[Wlb]吾子犹大、猛如稚狮、食其所攫而去、卧如牡狮、蹲如牝狮、孰敢撄之、

†[Xdv]犹大像少壮的狮子，扑取猎物，回到洞穴；它伸直身子躺卧，谁都不敢惊动它！

†[Kjv]Judah is a lion's whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?

†[Nkjv]Judah is a lion's whelp; From the prey, my son, you have gone up. He bows down, he lies down as a lion; And as a lion, who shall rouse him?

†[BBE]Judah is a young lion; like a lion full of meat you have become great, my son; now he takes his rest like a lion stretched out and like an old lion; by whom will his sleep be broken?

†[GNT] Judah is like a lion, Killing his victim and returning to his den, Stretching out and lying down. No one dares disturb him.

†[NIV]You are a lion's cub, O Judah; you return from the prey, my son. Like a lion he crouches and lies down, like a lioness-who dares to rouse him?

本会注释　　雅各大胆地把犹大被比作一只小狮子，逐渐长大，有成年狮子的力量和凶猛（见启5:5）。它在丛林中漫游寻找猎物。当他吞食了掠物之后，就返回山间的洞穴。他在那里无畏地躺卧着，在沉寂的威严中，默默地准备向任何想打搅他的动物发起进攻。

创49:10 圭必不离犹大，杖必不离他两脚之间，直等细罗（就是赐平安者）来到，万民都必归顺。 (串)民21:18;24:17诗60:7;108:8|结21:27

†[吕]权柄之杖必不离开犹大，指挥之棍必不离开他两腿（或译：大旗）之间，直到属他的那位来到（或译：直等国度属他的那一位来到），万族之民都归顺他。

†[思]权杖不离犹大，柄杖不离他脚间，直到那应得权杖者来到，万民都要归顺他。

†[当代]犹大要拥有君王的杖，直到那位万民都要归顺、应当执掌王权的来到。

†[新译]权杖必不离开犹大，王圭必不离他两脚之间，直到细罗（“细罗”有古本作“属他的那位”）来到，万族都要臣服他。

†[Wlb]厥梃不离犹大、秉钧者之杖、弗去其足间、迨细罗至、民咸归之、

†[Xdv]犹大要始终掌握王权；他的后代要长久统治。万国要向他进贡；万民要向他跪拜。

†[Kjv]The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor a lawgiver from between his feet, until Shiloh come; and unto him shall the gathering of the people be.

†[Nkjv]The scepter shall not depart from Judah, Nor a lawgiver from between his feet, Until Shiloh comes; And to Him shall be the obedience of the people.

†[BBE]The rod of authority will not be taken from Judah, and he will not be without a law-giver, till he comes who has the right to it, and the peoples will put themselves under his rule.

†[GNT] Judah will hold the royal scepter, And his descendants will always rule. Nations will bring him tribute And bow in obedience before him.

†[NIV]The scepter will not depart from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until he comes to whom it belongs and the obedience of the nations is his.

本会注释　　圭。圭是王权的象征。圭原是国王向公众讲话时握在手中的一根长杖。当他坐在宝座上时，圭放在两膝之间。这样的圭在许多古埃及的浮雕中都有出现。犹大将持续担任各支派的首领，直至弥赛亚来到。
　　直等细罗来到。将细罗解释为地名或“安息”都不能使人信服。大多数注释家认为细罗是人名，并且认同指弥赛亚。很久以前犹太教和基督教的学者们所表达的这种观点是正确的（见《历》52页）。至于细罗的具体含义，译经家们却无法达成共识。它分别被解释为“子孙”、“被差遣者”、“[国度之圭]的归属者”、以及“赐安息者”。大多数的注释家都接受最后一种解释。怀爱伦也赞同这种解释（《历》第52页）。因此细罗就是弥赛亚。在雅各的预言中，他将接管犹大作为以色列首领的君权。各族的人都要聚集到他那里。

创49:11 犹大把小驴拴在葡萄树上，把驴驹拴在美好的葡萄树上。他在葡萄酒中洗了衣服，在葡萄汁中洗了袍褂。

†[吕]犹大把驴驹拴在葡萄树旁，把母驴的崽子拴在上好的葡萄树旁；他在酒中洗净服装，在血红葡萄汁中洗了袍褂：

†[思]他将自己的驴系在葡萄树上，将自己的驴驹拴在优美的葡萄树上；在酒中洗自己的衣服，在葡萄汁中洗自己的外氅。

†[当代]他把小驴驹子拴在葡萄树旁，他用葡萄酒浸洗衣服，

†[新译]犹大把自己的驴驹拴在葡萄树旁，把自己的小驴系在上等的葡萄树旁；他在葡萄酒中洗净自己的衣服，在血红的葡萄汁中洗衣袍。

†[Wlb]絷驴于葡萄树、维小驴于葡萄树之佳者、以酒浣衣、以葡萄汁濯服、

†[Xdv]他把小驴拴在葡萄树，拴在最好的葡萄树上。他在血红的酒池洗涤衣服。

†[Kjv]Binding his foal unto the vine, and his ass's colt unto the choice vine; he washed his garments in wine, and his clothes in the blood of grapes:

†[Nkjv]Binding his donkey to the vine, And his donkey's colt to the choice vine, He washed his garments in wine, And his clothes in the blood of grapes.

†[BBE]Knotting his ass's cord to the vine, and his young ass to the best vine; washing his robe in wine, and his clothing in the blood of grapes:

†[GNT] He ties his young donkey to a grapevine, To the very best of the vines. He washes his clothes in blood-red wine.

†[NIV]He will tether his donkey to a vine, his colt to the choicest branch; he will wash his garments in wine, his robes in the blood of grapes.

本会注释　　对于弥赛亚骑驴的预言，在耶稣胜利地进入耶路撒冷时应验了（太21:7）。这标志着他是和平的宣报者和至尊者，因为驴不是打仗用的，而是作为有身份之人的坐骑（士1:14；10:4；12:14）。犹大的葡萄树将粗壮得可以栓驴，果实多得可以用果汁洗衣服。犹大的酒和奶将令人精神振作，充满活力，眼神发光，牙齿洁白。当然这是比喻犹大的强盛。

创49:12 他的眼睛必因酒红润；他的牙齿必因奶白亮。 (串)箴23:29,30

†[吕]他的眼睛必因酒而发昏，他的牙齿必因奶子而白亮。

†[思]他的双眼因酒而发红，他的牙齿因乳而变白。

†[当代]他的眼睛因酒红润，他的牙齿比奶还要洁白。

†[新译]他因饮酒而双眼发红，他因喝奶而牙齿雪白。

†[Wlb]厥目缘酒而赤、厥齿缘乳而白、

†[Xdv]他因饮酒而双眼发红；他因喝奶而牙齿雪白。

†[Kjv]His eyes shall be red with wine, and his teeth white with milk.

†[Nkjv]His eyes are darker than wine, And his teeth whiter than milk.

†[BBE]His eyes will be dark with wine, and his teeth white with milk.

†[GNT] His eyes are bloodshot from drinking wine, His teeth white from drinking milk.

†[NIV]His eyes will be darker than wine, his teeth whiter than milk.

创49:13 西布伦必住在海口，必成为停船的海口；他的境界必延到西顿。 (串)申33:18,19书19:10,12|申1:7书9:1士5:17

†[吕]西布伦必在海地带居住，他必成为停船之地带，他的极边必延到西顿。

†[思]则步隆将居于海滨，成为船只停泊的口岸，与漆冬毗连。

†[当代]西布伦要安居在海滨，他要成为船泊的港口，他的势力要伸展到西顿。

†[新译]西布伦必在沿海地带居住，他必成为船只停泊的港口，他的边界必伸到西顿。

†[Wlb]西布伦将居海滨、为泊舟之所、界延西顿、

†[Xdv]西布伦要住在海边。他将成为船只停泊的港口；他的领土伸延到西顿。

†[Kjv]Zebulun shall dwell at the haven of the sea; and he shall be for an haven of ships; and his border shall be unto Zidon.

†[Nkjv]"Zebulun shall dwell by the haven of the sea; He shall become a haven for ships, And his border shall adjoin Sidon.

†[BBE]The resting-place of Zebulun will be by the sea, and he will be a harbour for ships; the edge of his land will be by Zidon.

†[GNT] "Zebulun will live beside the sea. His shore will be a haven for ships. His territory will reach as far as Sidon.

†[NIV]Zebulun will live by the seashore and become a haven for ships; his border will extend toward Sidon.

本会注释　　约书亚分给西布伦支派的土地见书19:10-16所提到的边界和城镇。当时其领地没有延伸到地中海，也没有与西顿相连。它位于加利利海和地中海之间，靠近这两个海，但与加利利海之间隔着拿弗他利，与地中海之间隔着亚设。但这一预言后来可能应验了。虽然圣经没有说这一预言是否应验，但雅各所有其他预言应验的确证，排除了这一预言尚未应验的可能性。

创49:14 以萨迦是个强壮的驴，卧在羊圈之中。 (串)代上12:32|士5:16诗68:13

†[吕]以萨迦是骨格粗大之驴，躺在羊圈之间；

†[思]依撒加尔是匹壮驴，卧在圈中；

†[当代]以萨迦是一头强壮的驴，躺卧在羊圈之中，

†[新译]以萨迦是一头粗壮的驴，伏卧在羊圈（“羊圈”原文意思不详，或译：“重驮”）之间；

†[Wlb]以萨迦如健驴、卧于羊牢、

†[Xdv]以萨迦像粗壮的驴，蹲伏在羊圈之间。

†[Kjv]Issachar is a strong ass couching down between two burdens:

†[Nkjv]"Issachar is a strong donkey, Lying down between two burdens;

†[BBE]Issachar is a strong ass stretched out among the flocks:

†[GNT] "Issachar is no better than a donkey That lies stretched out between its saddlebags.

†[NIV]Issachar is a rawboned donkey lying down between two saddlebags.

本会注释　　以萨迦比作一头瘦而强壮的驴，特别适合驮重物，表明该支派将满足于其自己的物质财富，专注于农作，不愿争夺政治权力。这也暗示以萨迦的后代将成为身强力壮的人，并获得一份满意的产业。这应验在将南加利利分给该支派的事上，其中包括了美丽而肥沃的耶斯列高地。该支派虽然在士师时代曾与西布伦以英勇著称（士5:14,15,18），但不论国家发生什么事情，它总是满足于其命运。人们很少看到该支派勇敢地冲到最前线，为受到威胁的权利或自由而战斗。因此以萨迦虽然不是利亚最小的儿子，却最后一个提到。

创49:15 他以安静为佳，以肥地为美，便低肩背重，成为服苦的仆人。 (串)书16:10

†[吕]他看安居为美好，以土地为可喜悦，便屈肩背重，成了苦工奴隶。

†[思]他觉得安居美好，地方优雅；便屈肩负重，成为服役的奴隶。

†[当代]他发觉了那地方好作安息，地土肥美，他就垂下肩头，成了奴隶受人劳役。

†[新译]他看安居为美，他看肥地为佳，他屈肩负重，成了服苦的奴仆。

†[Wlb]视安静为可嘉、见土壤之甚美、鞠躬而负荷、作苦以服役、

†[Xdv]他喜欢安定的地方，爱好肥美的土地。他屈肩负重，被奴役，做苦工。

†[Kjv]And he saw that rest was good, and the land that it was pleasant; and bowed his shoulder to bear, and became a servant unto tribute.

†[Nkjv]He saw that rest was good, And that the land was pleasant; He bowed his shoulder to bear a burden, And became a band of slaves.

†[BBE]And he saw that rest was good and the land was pleasing; so he let them put weights on his back and became a servant.

†[GNT] But he sees that the resting place is good And that the land is delightful. So he bends his back to carry the load And is forced to work as a slave.

†[NIV]When he sees how good is his resting place and how pleasant is his land, he will bend his shoulder to the burden and submit to forced labor.

创49:16 但必判断他的民，作以色列支派之一。 (串)创30:6申33:22士18:27

†[吕]但必为他人民伸权利、做以色列一个族派。

†[思]丹将如以色列的一个支派，卫护自己的人民。

†[当代]但要像以色列其他各族一样，治理他的人民。

†[新译]但要审判自己的人民，作以色列的一个支派。

†[Wlb]但为以色列支派之一、将治其民、

†[Xdv]但要统治自己的子民，像以色列其它支族。

†[Kjv]Dan shall judge his people, as one of the tribes of Israel.

†[Nkjv]"Dan shall judge his people As one of the tribes of Israel.

†[BBE]Dan will be the judge of his people, as one of the tribes of Israel.

†[GNT] "Dan will be a ruler for his people. They will be like the other tribes of Israel.

†[NIV]Dan will provide justice for his people as one of the tribes of Israel.

创49:17 但必作道上的蛇，路中的虺，咬伤马蹄，使骑马的坠落于后。

†[吕]但必做道路上的蛇，路径上的角蛇，咬伤马的脚后跟，以致骑马的向后坠落。

†[思]丹必似路边的长，道旁的毒蛇，咬伤马蹄，使骑士向后跌下。

†[当代]他要成为伏在路旁的毒蛇，咬噬马脚，使骑马的人坠下。

†[新译]但要作路上的蛇，道中的毒蛇，他要咬伤马蹄，使骑马的人向后坠落。

†[Wlb]但为道上之蛇、途间之蝮、以伤马足、而坠骑者、

†[Xdv]但要像路旁的蛇，小径边的毒蛇；它咬伤马蹄，使骑士往后坠地。

†[Kjv]Dan shall be a serpent by the way, an adder in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward.

†[Nkjv]Dan shall be a serpent by the way, A viper by the path, That bites the horse's heels So that its rider shall fall backward.

†[BBE]May Dan be a snake in the way, a horned snake by the road, biting the horse's foot so that the horseman has a fall.

†[GNT] Dan will be a snake at the side of the road, A poisonous snake beside the path, That strikes at the horse's heel, So that the rider is thrown off backward.

†[NIV]Dan will be a serpent by the roadside, a viper along the path, that bites the horse's heels so that its rider tumbles backward.

本会注释　　拉结的使女辟拉的长子但的名字一语双关，说他在未来的以色列国中将有重要的地位并履行重要的职责。这特别在士师时代的后期得到了应验。但支派的参孙担任以色列的士师长达二十年（见士13:2）。
　　道上的蛇。指该支派的特征，表现在一部分但支派的人对迦南北部拉亿城的远征（见士18），和参孙以蛇一般的狡猾战胜其最强悍之敌的冒险经历中。但支派似乎最早将偶像崇拜引进以色列（士18），其品格又无法使其中的任何人承受天上的迦南，因此在《启示录》第7章的十二个支派中删除了但的名字。

创49:18 耶和华啊，我向来等候你的救恩。 (串)诗25:5赛25:9弥7:7|诗119:166,174

†[吕]永恒主阿，我向来切候着你的拯救。

†[思]上主！我期待你的救援！

†[当代]主啊！我等待你的救恩。

†[新译]耶和华啊，我向来等候你的拯救。

†[Wlb]耶和华欤、尔之拯救、我所企望、

†[Xdv]上主啊，我等候你的拯救！

†[Kjv]I have waited for thy salvation, O LORD.

†[Nkjv]I have waited for your salvation, O LORD!

†[BBE]I have been waiting for your salvation, O Lord.

†[GNT] "I wait for your deliverance, Lord.

†[NIV]I look for your deliverance, O Lord .

本会注释　　雅各这个祈祷不仅是为自己而发的，而且表达了他相信他的后代也将和他一样获得上帝的帮助。观察这位临终的先祖在人生最后紧要关头的表现是非常有意义的。尽管他大多数的话似乎都是借着上帝的启示说的，但这个祈祷显然是他自然情感的流露。突然从压力中解脱或突然的变故可以显露出一个人灵性的真实状况。有人会说出诅咒的话，有人会说出无意义的空话，还有人会发出祈祷。用人在不经意之时说出来的话来判断一个人，往往是不公正的，但雅各却连这样的考验都经受住了。他不再是欺骗者。他现在已被列入上帝的选民之中。

创49:19 迦得必被敌军追逼，他却要追逼他们的脚跟。 (串)申33:20

†[吕]论迦得，一群追逼者必追逼他，但他必追逼他们的脚跟。

†[思]加得要受袭击者袭击，但他要袭击他们的后队。

†[当代]迦得要被人掳掠追赶，他却要反败为胜。

†[新译]迦得必被侵略者追逼，他却要追逼他们的脚跟。

†[Wlb]迦得为军所逼、反迫其后、

†[Xdv]迦得将被强盗袭击；他却要转身追赶他们。

†[Kjv]Gad, a troop shall overcome him: but he shall overcome at the last.

†[Nkjv]"Gad, a troop shall tramp upon him, But he shall triumph at last.

†[BBE]Gad, an army will come against him, but he will come down on them in their flight.

†[GNT] "Gad will be attacked by a band of robbers, But he will turn and pursue them.

†[NIV]Gad will be attacked by a band of raiders, but he will attack them at their heels.

本会注释　　在这句诗体的话中，“敌军”和“追逼”源于同一词根。似乎是指迦得支派必须耐心忍受攻击，但他们最终能击退这些攻击。虽然十二个支派已知的历史没有提供一个该预言应验的具体事例，但代上5:18-22的记载表明，不论哪里有需要，迦得人都表现出先祖所应许的英勇。圣经说投奔大卫的迦得人面貌好象狮子，快跑如同山上的鹿（代上12:8-15），这些都证明他们是一个勇敢的支派。

创49:20 亚设之地必出肥美的粮食，且出君王的美味。 (串)申33:24

†[吕]论亚设，他的食物必定肥甘；他必豫备出君王爽口之物。

†[思]阿协尔的食物肥美，将供给君王的佳肴。

†[当代]亚设的土地的出产是丰盛富庶的，是配为君王享用的美味！

†[新译]至于亚设，他的食物必定肥美，他有美食可以供奉君王。

†[Wlb]亚设所产食物、乃为肥甘、必出珍馐、为王所用、

†[Xdv]亚设的土地是丰富的粮仓；他有美食可供奉君王。

†[Kjv]Out of Asher his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties.

†[Nkjv]"Bread from Asher shall be rich, And he shall yield royal dainties.

†[BBE]Asher's bread is fat; he gives delicate food for kings.

†[GNT] "Asher's land will produce rich food. He will provide food fit for a king.

†[NIV]Asher's food will be rich; he will provide delicacies fit for a king.

本会注释　　指亚设将来居住的富饶土地。亚设分到了地中海沿岸的迦密低地，一直到推罗边境，应验了这一预言。这是迦南最肥沃的地区之一，盛产小麦和油。所罗门用这些出产供应希兰的王室（王上5:11）。

创49:21 拿弗他利是被释放的母鹿；他出嘉美的言语。 (串)申33:23

†[吕]拿弗他利是枝干伸展的笃耨香树，他伸出美丽的树顶（或译：得释放的母鹿；他出嘉美的话）。

†[思]纳斐塔里是只被释放的母鹿，发出悦耳的歌咏。

†[当代]拿弗他利是一头得释放的母鹿，他会说非常动听的话。

†[新译]拿弗他利是只得释放的母鹿，发出优美的言语。

†[Wlb]拿弗他利如释放之麀鹿、陈述嘉言、

†[Xdv]拿弗他利是奔放的母鹿，它生下可爱的小鹿（或译：拿弗他利像茂盛的树；它伸展可爱的树枝）。

†[Kjv]Naphtali is a hind let loose: he giveth goodly words.

†[Nkjv]"Naphtali is a deer let loose; He uses beautiful words.

†[BBE]Naphtali is a roe let loose, giving fair young ones.

†[GNT] "Naphtali is a deer that runs free, Who bears lovely fawns.

†[NIV]Naphtali is a doe set free that bears beautiful fawns.

本会注释　　拿弗他利。含义不明。人们对拿弗他利支派的历史所知甚少。他们与西布伦联合在巴拉的领导下大败迦南王耶宾。女先知底波拉在她的赞歌中纪念了这一伟大的胜利（见士4,5章）。
　　他出嘉美的言语。尽管没有留下任何关于拿弗他利支派这种活动的历史记录，这句话一定是指这个北方支派所表现来的口才与诗歌的恩赐。

创49:22 约瑟是多结果子的树枝，是泉旁多结果的枝子；他的枝条探出墙外。 (串)创41:51,52书17:14-18

†[吕]约瑟是母牛的崽子，在水泉旁的母牛崽子；他的女儿踏步在书珥旷野。（或译：约瑟是多结果子的枝子，是水泉旁多结果子的枝子；他的枝条探出墙外）

†[思]若瑟是一株茂盛的果树，一株泉旁茂盛的果树；枝条蔓延墙头。

†[当代]约瑟是水泉旁边一棵多结果子的枝子，他的枝条探出墙外；

†[新译]约瑟是一根结果子的树枝，是一根泉旁结果子的树枝，他的枝条蔓延出墙外。

†[Wlb]约瑟如结实之树枝、在于泉旁、其条蔓延逾垣、

†[Xdv]约瑟像泉水旁的野驴，像山冈上的小野马（或译：约瑟像泉水旁的树，像多结果子的树枝爬在墙上）。

†[Kjv]Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall:

†[Nkjv]"Joseph is a fruitful bough, A fruitful bough by a well; His branches run over the wall.

†[BBE]Joseph is a young ox, whose steps are turned to the fountain;

†[GNT] "Joseph is like a wild donkey by a spring, A wild colt on a hillside.

†[NIV]Joseph is a fruitful vine, a fruitful vine near a spring, whose branches climb over a wall.

本会注释　　雅各对于两个妾所生四个儿子的祝福非常简短，而且其中部分预言就象这些支派后来的历史一样含糊不清。但他对心爱的拉结所生之长子的祝福却截然不同。先祖的心此时充满了感恩的爱，用最动人的话语和比喻为约瑟恳求无限的祝福。

创49:23 弓箭手将他苦害，向他射箭，逼迫他。

†[吕]弓箭手苦害他，向他射箭，怀恨逼迫他。

†[思]弓手令他苦恼，向他射击，与他对敌；

†[当代]有弓箭手来狠狠地攻击他、射击他、要折磨他，

†[新译]弓箭手把他苦害，向他射箭敌对他。

†[Wlb]矢人虐遇之、射伤之、窘迫之、

†[Xdv]敌人猛烈攻击他，以弓，以箭追赶他。

†[Kjv]The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him:

†[Nkjv]The archers have bitterly grieved him, Shot at him and hated him.

†[BBE]He was troubled by the archers; they sent out their arrows against him, cruelly wounding him:

†[GNT] His enemies attack him fiercely And pursue him with their bows and arrows.

†[NIV]With bitterness archers attacked him; they shot at him with hostility.

本会注释　　弓箭手。雅各从果树的比喻转到战争的比喻，描述约瑟支派战胜所有的仇敌。这里用的是预言现在时，把未来的事件说成是已经发生的。这些话不是指约瑟在埃及的战争行为，而可能是暗示约瑟在他的兄弟们手中，以及他在为奴和被监禁的岁月里所遭受的逼迫。所用的语言不直接触及他的兄弟而又能为他们所领会。

创49:24 但他的弓仍旧坚硬；他的手健壮敏捷。这是因以色列的牧者，以色列的磐石，就是雅各的大能者。 (串)伯29:20|诗23:1;80:1|申32:4赛28:16弗2:20彼前2:4|诗132:2,5赛1:24

†[吕]但他的弓仍然坚硬；他的手臂强健敏捷，这是因着雅各之大能者的手；［以色列的牧者、以色列的石头是从那里而出的（有古卷：因着以色列的牧者、以色列的石头的名），］

†[思]但他的弓仍旧有力，他的手臂依然灵活；这是因了雅各伯的大能者之手，因了以色列的牧者和磐石之名；

†[当代]但他的弓却是不屈不挠的，他双臂矫捷，因为雅各的大能者、以色列的牧者和磐石帮助他。

†[新译]但他的弓依然坚硬，他的手臂仍旧敏捷，这是出于雅各的大能者之手；出于以色列的牧者，以色列的磐石。

†[Wlb]然其弓坚劲、其臂健捷、惟赖雅各全能之主、其为牧者、以色列之磐石、由之而出、

†[Xdv]但是依靠雅各大能的上帝，他的弓仍然坚硬；依靠牧人──以色列的保护者，他的手臂仍然有力（或译：敌人的弓被折断；敌人的手臂被撕裂）。

†[Kjv]But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the mighty God of Jacob; (from thence is the shepherd, the stone of Israel:)

†[Nkjv]But his bow remained in strength, And the arms of his hands were made strong By the hands of the Mighty God of Jacob (From there is the Shepherd, the Stone of Israel),

†[BBE]But their bows were broken by a strong one, and the cords of their arms were cut by the Strength of Jacob, by the name of the Stone of Israel:

†[GNT] But his bow remains steady, And his arms are made strong By the power of the Mighty God of Jacob, By the Shepherd, the Protector of Israel.

†[NIV]But his bow remained steady, his strong arms stayed limber, because of the hand of the Mighty One of Jacob, because of the Shepherd, the Rock of Israel,

本会注释　　如果“以色列的牧者，以色列的磐石”被当作插入语，那么既可能指从约瑟被提升之时起，就成了以色列的牧者和磐石，也可能指约瑟从雅各的大能者上帝那里获得了力量而成为牧者和磐石。于是他成了那好牧人的预表。祂就是那将成为教会根基的磐石。但如果“以色列的牧者和磐石”与前面的话语是并列的话，那就是指上帝本身。这句话所表达的意思就是约瑟的手被那作为以色列的牧者和磐石的上帝所坚固（见申32:4）。希伯来原文可以有第二种的解释，而且这种解释似乎比第一种更好。

创49:25 你父亲的上帝必帮助你；那全能者必将天上所有的福，地里所藏的福，以及生产乳养的福，都赐给你。 (串)创50:17|创17:1;35:11|申33:13

†[吕]因着你父亲的上帝──他必帮助你，因着全能的上帝──他必赐福与你：必将上面来的天福，将伏于地底下的渊泉之福，将胸哺胎生之福、都赐给你。

†[思]这是因为你父亲的天主扶助了你，全能者天主，以天上高处的祝福，以地下深渊蕴藏的祝福，以哺乳和生育的祝福，祝福了你。

†[当代]你父亲的上帝必要帮助你，全能者要把天上珍存的福分、地上深藏的福气和万物生产乳养的福气，都赐给你了。

†[新译]是你父亲的　神帮助你，是那全能者赐给你；他把从天上来的福，地下深渊蕴藏着的福，哺乳和生育的福，都赐给你。

†[Wlb]彼为尔父之上帝、必辅助尔、全能之主、必锡嘏尔、赐以上天之祜、源泉之泽、产育乳哺之福、

†[Xdv]是你父亲的上帝帮助你，全能者上帝赐福给你。他赐给你天上的甘霖、地下的泉水，牛马成群，子孙众多。

†[Kjv]Even by the God of thy father, who shall help thee; and by the Almighty, who shall bless thee with blessings of heaven above, blessings of the deep that lieth under, blessings of the breasts, and of the womb:

†[Nkjv]By the God of your father who will help you, And by the Almighty who will bless you With blessings of heaven above, Blessings of the deep that lies beneath, Blessings of the breasts and of the womb.

†[BBE]Even by the God of your father, who will be your help, and by the Ruler of all, who will make you full with blessings from heaven on high, blessings of the deep stretched out under the earth, blessings of the breasts and of the fertile body:

†[GNT] It is your father's God who helps you, The Almighty God who blesses you With blessings of rain from above And of deep waters from beneath the ground, Blessings of many cattle and children,

†[NIV]because of your father's God, who helps you, because of the Almighty, who blesses you with blessings of the heavens above, blessings of the deep that lies below, blessings of the breast and womb.

创49:26 你父亲所祝的福，胜过我祖先所祝的福，如永世的山岭，至极的边界；这些福必降在约瑟的头上，临到那与弟兄迥别之人的顶上。 (串)申33:15哈3:6|申33:16

†[吕]你父亲所祝的福大有能力，胜过远古之山，所施的福、和永远之冈陵可爱之物：愿这些福降到约瑟头上，到那在弟兄中做王子者（或译：迥别之人）的头顶上。

†[思]你父亲的祝福，远超过古山岳的祝福，永远丘陵的愿望；愿这些祝福都降在若瑟头上，降在他兄弟中被选者的额上。

†[当代]我的祝福比亘古永存的山峦还要高耸无际；愿这一切的祝福都临到约瑟头上，临到这超越众兄弟的人。

†[新译]你父亲的祝福，胜过我祖先的祝福（“胜过我祖先的祝福”有古本作“胜过亘古的山冈”），胜过永远山岭上的美物。愿这些福都降在约瑟的头上，降在兄弟中作王子的那一位头上。

†[Wlb]汝父所祝之嘏、愈于吾祖所祝之嘏、如冈陵之恒久、如山岳之高大、悉归约瑟之首、临乎冠昆弟者之顶、

†[Xdv]他使你五谷丰收，鲜花常开；有亘古的山冈、永在的峻岭。愿这一切福泽降在约瑟头上，降在兄弟中最卓越的那一位身上。

†[Kjv]The blessings of thy father have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Joseph, and on the crown of the head of him that was separate from his brethren.

†[Nkjv]The blessings of your father Have excelled the blessings of my ancestors, Up to the utmost bound of the everlasting hills. They shall be on the head of Joseph, And on the crown of the head of him who was separate from his brothers.

†[BBE]Blessings of sons, old and young, to the father: blessings of the oldest mountains and the fruit of the eternal hills: let them come on the head of Joseph, on the crown of him who was separate from his brothers.

†[GNT] Blessings of grain and flowers, Blessings of ancient mountains, Delightful things from everlasting hills. May these blessings rest on the head of Joseph, On the brow of the one set apart from his brothers.

†[NIV]Your father's blessings are greater than the blessings of the ancient mountains, than the bounty of the age-old hills. Let all these rest on the head of Joseph, on the brow of the prince among his brothers.

本会注释　　先祖为约瑟所恳求的祝福要比其父母给他的祝福还要多。约瑟被称为“与弟兄迥别之人”（nazir），在申33:16中也如此称呼，因为他在异教的埃及保持了他的品德与敬虔。

创49:27 便雅悯是个撕掠的狼，早晨要吃他所抓的，晚上要分他所夺的。” (串)士20:21,25|结22:27

†[吕]便雅悯是肆行抓掠的豺狼，早晨吃所掠夺的，晚上分所掳获的。”

†[思]本雅明是只掠夺的豺狼：早上吞食猎物，晚上分赃。”

†[当代]便雅悯是一头贪婪的狼，他早晨吞吃自己的猎物，晚上瓜分战利品。”

†[新译]便雅悯是只撕掠的豺狼，早晨吞吃他的猎物，晚上瓜分他的掳物。”

†[Wlb]便雅悯如攫物之狼、朝吞所获、夕分所夺、

†[Xdv]便雅悯像凶猛的豺狼。他清晨吞食猎物，晚间瓜分掠夺品。”

†[Kjv]Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil.

†[Nkjv]"Benjamin is a ravenous wolf; In the morning he shall devour the prey, And at night he shall divide the spoil."

†[BBE]Benjamin is a wolf, searching for meat: in the morning he takes his food, and in the evening he makes division of what he has taken.

†[GNT] "Benjamin is like a vicious wolf. Morning and evening he kills and devours."

†[NIV]Benjamin is a ravenous wolf; in the morning he devours the prey, in the evening he divides the plunder."

本会注释　　临终的父亲所说他最小儿子的好战个性，表现在他的后代身上。如因他们在基比亚的罪恶而引起的与其他所有支派的战争（士20,21）。还有其他的事件（士5:14）。便雅悯人是杰出的弓箭手和甩石手（士20:16；代上8:40；12:2；代下14:8；17:17）。勇敢的士师以笏（士3:15），扫罗王以及英勇善战的儿子约拿单（撒上11,13；撒下1:19-27），都是从便雅悯支派中出来了。

创49:28 这一切是以色列的十二支派；这也是他们的父亲对他们所说的话，为他们所祝的福，都是按着各人的福分为他们祝福。

†[吕]这一切是以色列的族派，一共十二个；这也是他们父亲对他们所说的话，给他们所祝的福：他是按着各人的福分给他们祝福的。

†[思]以上是以色列十二支派，以及他们的父亲对他们所说的话。他祝福了他们，以适合每人的祝福，祝福了他们。

†[当代]以上就是以色列的十二族，他们的父亲按著他们不同的情况，给他们祝福。

†[新译]这些就是以色列的十二支派；以上是他们父亲对他们所说的话，是按着各人的福分给他们所祝的福。

†[Wlb]此乃以色列十二支派、其父为之祝嘏而言、各依其所应得者、

†[Xdv]以上是以色列十二支族之父临终时对每一个儿子所说的话；他用合适的话祝福每一个儿子。

†[Kjv]All these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to his blessing he blessed them.

†[Nkjv]All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father spoke to them. And he blessed them; he blessed each one according to his own blessing.

†[BBE]These are the twelve tribes of Israel: and these are the words their father said to them, blessing them; to every one he gave his blessing.

†[GNT] These are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said as he spoke a suitable word of farewell to each son.

†[NIV]All these are the twelve tribes of Israel, and this is what their father said to them when he blessed them, giving each the blessing appropriate to him.

本会注释　　雅各祝福了以十二个儿子为代表的各支派。没有一人例外，就连流便、西缅、和利未也得到了祝福。他们的地位虽因严重的个人错误而被降低，但每个人都与所应许的祝福有份。

创49:29 他又嘱咐他们说：“我将要归到我列祖（原文作本民）那里，你们要将我葬在赫人以弗仑田间的洞里，与我祖我父在一处， (串)创25:8本章33|创47:30

†[吕]他又嘱咐他们说：“我将要被收殓归我先族人了；你们要将我埋葬在赫人以弗崙田地间的洞里，和我祖我父在一处，

†[思]以后雅各伯又嘱咐他们，对他们说：“我快要归到我亲族那去，你们应将我葬在赫特人厄斐龙田的山洞，与我的祖先在一起。

†[当代]雅各又嘱咐他们说：“我要离开你们了，你们要把我葬在赫人以弗仑田间的洞里，让我与祖先葬在一起。

†[新译]雅各又嘱咐他们，对他们说：“我快要归到我的亲族那里去，你们要把我埋葬在赫人以弗仑田间的洞里，与我的祖先在一起。

†[Wlb]复命之曰、我将归于列祖、当葬我于吾祖父之侧、在赫人以弗仑田之穴、

†[Xdv]雅各吩咐他儿子们：“我快要死了；你们要把我跟我祖先葬在一起，就是在赫人以弗仑田间的一个洞里。

†[Kjv]And he charged them, and said unto them, I am to be gathered unto my people: bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

†[Nkjv]Then he charged them and said to them: "I am to be gathered to my people; bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

†[BBE]And he gave orders to them, saying, Put me to rest with my people and with my fathers, in the hollow of the rock in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

†[GNT] Then Jacob commanded his sons, "Now that I am going to join my people in death, bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

†[NIV]Then he gave them these instructions: "I am about to be gathered to my people. Bury me with my fathers in the cave in the field of Ephron the Hittite,

本会注释　　归到我本民。见@创15:15@注释。
　　将我葬在。约瑟早已向他的父亲发誓承诺要满足这一愿望。雅各再次在他的众子面前提到这一愿望，请他们也参加葬礼。

创49:30 就是在迦南地幔利前、麦比拉田间的洞；那洞和田是亚伯拉罕向赫人以弗仑买来为业，作坟地的。 (串)创23:9,16-18;50:13

†[吕]就是在迦南地、幔利东面、麦比拉田地间的洞。那洞和田地是亚伯拉罕向赫人以弗崙买来做业产为坟地的。

†[思]这山洞是在客纳罕地，面对玛默勒的玛革培拉的田内；这块田原是亚巴郎由赫特人厄斐龙买了来作为私有坟地，

†[当代]那洞穴在迦南的麦比拉田间，就在幔利对面，它是亚伯拉罕向赫人以弗仑买来作坟地的。

†[新译]这个洞在迦南地，在幔利前面的麦比拉的田间。那地方原是亚伯拉罕向赫人以弗仑买下来作坟地的。

†[Wlb]即迦南境、与幔利相对、麦比拉田之穴、昔亚伯拉罕自赫人以弗仑、所购为业之冢地、

†[Xdv]这个洞在迦南，在幔利东边的麦比拉，是亚伯拉罕向赫人以弗仑买下来作坟地的。

†[Kjv]In the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre, in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field of Ephron the Hittite for a possession of a buryingplace.

†[Nkjv]in the cave that is in the field of Machpelah, which is before Mamre in the land of Canaan, which Abraham bought with the field of Ephron the Hittite as a possession for a burial place.

†[BBE]In the rock in the field of Machpelah, near Mamre in the land of Canaan, which Abraham got from Ephron the Hittite, to be his resting-place.

†[GNT] at Machpelah east of Mamre in the land of Canaan. Abraham bought this cave and field from Ephron for a burial ground.

†[NIV]the cave in the field of Machpelah, near Mamre in Canaan, which Abraham bought as a burial place from Ephron the Hittite, along with the field.

创49:31 他们在那里葬了亚伯拉罕和他妻子撒拉，又在那里葬了以撒和他的妻子利百加；我也在那里葬了利亚。 (串)创23:19;25:9|创35:29

†[吕]他们埋葬了亚伯拉罕和他的妻子撒拉、就是在那里；埋葬了以撒和他的妻子利百加、是在那里；我埋葬了利亚、也是在那里。

†[思]在那葬了亚巴郎和他的妻子撒辣，在那葬了依撒格和他的妻子黎贝加；我也在那葬了肋阿。

†[当代]他们在那里埋葬了亚伯拉罕和他的妻子撒拉，以撒和他的妻子利百加，我也在那里埋葬了利亚。

†[新译]他们在那里埋葬了亚伯拉罕和他的妻子撒拉；又在那里埋葬了以撒和他的妻子利百加；我也在那里埋葬了利亚。

†[Wlb]曩于斯处、葬亚伯拉罕及其妻撒拉、亦葬以撒及其妻利百加、我亦葬利亚、

†[Xdv]亚伯拉罕和他的妻子莎拉葬在那里；以撒和他的妻子利百加也葬在那里；我也把利亚葬在那里。

†[Kjv]There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife; there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife; and there I buried Leah.

†[Nkjv]There they buried Abraham and Sarah his wife, there they buried Isaac and Rebekah his wife, and there I buried Leah.

†[BBE]There Abraham and Sarah his wife were put to rest, and there they put Isaac and Rebekah his wife, and there I put Leah to rest.

†[GNT] That is where they buried Abraham and his wife Sarah; that is where they buried Isaac and his wife Rebecca; and that is where I buried Leah.

†[NIV]There Abraham and his wife Sarah were buried, there Isaac and his wife Rebekah were buried, and there I buried Leah.

创49:32 那块田和田间的洞原是向赫人买的。”

†[吕]那块田地和田地间的洞、是向赫人买的。”

†[思]这块田地和其中的山洞是由赫特人买来的。”

†[当代]那块田和田间的洞穴都是亚伯拉罕向赫人买的。”

†[新译]那块田和田间的洞，是向赫人买来的。”

†[Wlb]其田与穴、购自赫人、

†[Xdv]这块土地和洞穴是从赫人买过来的；你们要把我葬在那里。”

†[Kjv]The purchase of the field and of the cave that is therein was from the children of Heth.

†[Nkjv]The field and the cave that is there were purchased from the sons of Heth."

†[BBE]In the rock in the field which was got for a price from the people of Heth.

†[GNT] The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittites. Bury me there."

†[NIV]The field and the cave in it were bought from the Hittites."

创49:33 雅各嘱咐众子已毕，就把脚收在床上，气绝而死，归到列祖（原文作本民）那里去了。 (串)本章29

†[吕]雅各对他的众子吩咐完了，就把脚收在床上，气绝而死，被收殓归他先族人。

†[思]雅各伯给他的儿子们立完遗嘱以后，便将脚缩到床上，断气而死，归到他亲族那去了。

†[当代]雅各嘱咐完了，就在床上躺下来，呼了最后一口气，就回到他祖先那里去了。

†[新译]雅各对他的众子嘱咐完了，就把双脚收回床上，气绝而死，归到他的亲族那里去了。

†[Wlb]雅各命众子毕、敛足于床、气绝而终、归于列祖、

†[Xdv]雅各交代他儿子们这些话后，就躺下，气断而死。

†[Kjv]And when Jacob had made an end of commanding his sons, he gathered up his feet into the bed, and yielded up the ghost, and was gathered unto his people.

†[Nkjv]And when Jacob had finished commanding his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed and breathed his last, and was gathered to his people.

†[BBE]And when Jacob had come to the end of these words to his sons, stretching himself on his bed, he gave up his spirit, and went the way of his people.

†[GNT] When Jacob had finished giving instructions to his sons, he lay back down and died.

†[NIV]When Jacob had finished giving instructions to his sons, he drew his feet up into the bed, breathed his last and was gathered to his people.

本会注释　　雅各在祝福他儿子的时候一直是坐着的。此时他躺下安详地去世了。关于诗歌里表示死亡的委婉语，见@创15:15@和@创25:8@注释。雅各去世时的寿数记载在创47:28中，是一百四十七岁。

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