以西结书第34章

《圣经》以西结书-第34章

结34:1 耶和华的话临到我说：

[kjv]And the word of the LORD came unto me, saying,

本会注释　　这个新的预言谴责不忠心的牧人。上帝应许把祂的羊群从他们手中牵走，立大卫作祂的牧人（第23节）。土地将重新结果累累。本章的信息与耶23:1-8相似。

结34:2 “人子啊，你要向以色列的牧人发预言，攻击他们，说，主耶和华如此说：祸哉！以色列的牧人只知牧养自己。牧人岂不当牧养群羊吗？ (串)结33:24|耶23:1亚11:17

[kjv]Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD unto the shepherds; Woe be to the shepherds of Israel that do feed themselves! should not the shepherds feed the flocks?

怀爱伦注释　　对传道人的责备──对上帝的道传人有一严肃而认真的责备，他们因对自己的职任不负责，而要受到严格的清算，如果他们不向人们述说有关上帝律法的要求，若不清楚地传扬真道，而只以他们自己的见解来混淆人们的心，他们乃是牧养他们自己的牧人，但却疏忽了牧养羊群，他们使耶和华的律法毫不发生功效，而且许多人由于他们的不忠心而遭受刑罚，而这些人的血必要归到他们的头上，上帝必因他们的不忠而向他们清算，但是那些听人的诡辩而弃绝上帝话语的人，是决得不到原谅的。上帝的律法就是衪品格的副本，而且衪的话并非是和否，而是是和阿们（赞同，心愿如此）。（1900,162号手稿）
本会注释　　牧人（ro'im）。词根是ra'ah（“放牧”，“喂养”）。比喻负责的官长或首领（见王上22:17；耶2:8）。
　　牧养自己。牧者应履行职责。本节的指控可能特别针对犹大后期的国王。

结34:3 你们吃脂油、穿羊毛、宰肥壮的，却不牧养群羊。 (串)赛56:11亚11:16|结33:25-26弥3:2-3亚11:5

[kjv]Ye eat the fat, and ye clothe you with the wool, ye kill them that are fed: but ye feed not the flock.

本会注释　　脂油（cheleb）。稍微变动一下元音，就成了chalab（“牛奶”），与七十士译本和武加大译本相同。两种译法与上下文都适合。首领们税收得太多。

结34:4 瘦弱的，你们没有养壮；有病的，你们没有医治；受伤的，你们没有缠裹；被逐的，你们没有领回；失丧的，你们没有寻找；但用强暴严严地辖制。 (串)本章16亚11:16|太18:12路15:4|彼前5:3

[kjv]The diseased have ye not strengthened, neither have ye healed that which was sick, neither have ye bound up that which was broken, neither have ye brought again that which was driven away, neither have ye sought that which was lost; but with force and wit

本会注释　　失丧的。见耶50:6；参太18:11-14；路15章；参迷羊的比喻（见@路15:3-7@注释）。
　　用强暴严严地。参出1:13,14；利25:43。

结34:5 因无牧人，羊就分散；既分散，便作了一切野兽的食物。 (串)王上22:17太9:36|本章8赛56:9耶12:9

[kjv]And they were scattered, because there is no shepherd: and they became meat to all the beasts of the field, when they were scattered.

本会注释　　首领们因降在以色列的灾祸受到谴责。他们的坏榜样使百姓离开了公义的道路。当然，这不是说百姓没有罪责。无人强迫他们犯罪。他们自己得首先同意。效法他人的罪恶是出于他们自己的选择。

结34:6 我的羊在诸山间、在各高冈上流离，在全地上分散，无人去寻，无人去找。

[kjv]My sheep wandered through all the mountains, and upon every high hill: yea, my flock was scattered upon all the face of the earth, and none did search or seek after them.

本会注释　　我的羊。上帝宣称百姓是属于祂的。

结34:7 “所以，你们这些牧人要听耶和华的话。

[kjv]Therefore, ye shepherds, hear the word of the LORD;

结34:8 主耶和华说：我指着我的永生起誓，我的羊因无牧人就成为掠物，也作了一切野兽的食物。我的牧人不寻找我的羊；这些牧人只知牧养自己，并不牧养我的羊。 (串)本章5-6|本章2,10

[kjv]As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely because my flock became a prey, and my flock became meat to every beast of the field, because there was no shepherd, neither did my shepherds search for my flock, but the shepherds fed themselves, and fed not my flock

本会注释　　他们是上帝所任命看管羊群的，所以对上帝负有责任。

结34:9 所以你们这些牧人要听耶和华的话。

[kjv]Therefore, O ye shepherds, hear the word of the LORD;

结34:10 主耶和华如此说：我必与牧人为敌，必向他们的手追讨我的羊，使他们不再牧放群羊；牧人也不再牧养自己。我必救我的羊脱离他们的口，不再作他们的食物。” (串)结3:18来13:17|本章2,8

[kjv]Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I am against the shepherds; and I will require my flock at their hand, and cause them to cease from feeding the flock; neither shall the shepherds feed themselves any more; for I will deliver my flock from their mouth, tha

本会注释　　惩罚的第一步是赶走自私的牧人。

结34:11 “主耶和华如此说：看哪，我必亲自寻找我的羊，将他们寻见。

[kjv]For thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I, even I, will both search my sheep, and seek them out.

本会注释　　第12-31节的丰富应许描述了以色列人如果满足了必要的条件而将达到的状况。预言在流亡者回归的时候得到了部份的应验。但犹太人在被掳以前和以后都没有追求真正的属灵经验，所以应验的程度受到了极大的限制。及至以色列人拒绝接受弥赛亚，这个民族就永远丧失了获得本节所应许之福的权利。后来这些应许转移到基督的教会，并在原则上要应验在这个属灵团体中。局部的世俗国度将不再成为属灵国度的中心。新皈依的信徒将分散到世界各地。他们的首都不再是属世的耶路撒冷。他们所期盼的是天上的耶路撒冷。这些经文将在属灵意义上实现在新天新地。如果犹太人从巴比伦被掳之地回归以后，能满足上帝所规定的条件，这些应许就会字字应验（见本书注释第29-32页）。

结34:12 牧人在羊群四散的日子怎样寻找他的羊，我必照样寻找我的羊。这些羊在密云黑暗的日子散到各处，我必从那里救回他们来。 (串)结30:3珥2:2

[kjv]As a shepherd seeketh out his flock in the day that he is among his sheep that are scattered; so will I seek out my sheep, and will deliver them out of all places where they have been scattered in the cloudy and dark day.

结34:13 我必从万民中领出他们，从各国内聚集他们，引导他们归回故土，也必在以色列山上一切溪水旁边、境内一切可居之处牧养他们。 (串)赛65:9-10耶23:3结28:25;36:24

[kjv]And I will bring them out from the people, and gather them from the countries, and will bring them to their own land, and feed them upon the mountains of Israel by the rivers, and in all the inhabited places of the country.

结34:14 我必在美好的草场牧养他们。他们的圈必在以色列高处的山上，他们必在佳美之圈中躺卧，也在以色列山肥美的草场吃草。 (串)诗23:2|耶33:12

[kjv]I will feed them in a good pasture, and upon the high mountains of Israel shall their fold be: there shall they lie in a good fold, and in a fat pasture shall they feed upon the mountains of Israel.

本会注释　　既然已经满足了悔改和属灵复兴的条件，上帝就会恢复巴勒斯坦原来的生产能力，使之成为“流奶与蜜之地”（出3:8,17；民13:27等）。祂会适时赐下雨露，使祂的子民在“筐子和……面盆”里都蒙福，像祂以前所应许的那样（申28:1-14）。百姓当初进入迦南的时候，由于没有履行必要的条件而妨碍了应许的实现。现在再一次有了实现这些美好应许的机会，给了以色列一个新的开端。这个民族愿意接受吗？

结34:15 主耶和华说：我必亲自作我羊的牧人，使他们得以躺卧。

[kjv]I will feed my flock, and I will cause them to lie down, saith the Lord GOD.

结34:16 失丧的，我必寻找；被逐的，我必领回；受伤的，我必缠裹；有病的，我必医治；只是肥的壮的，我必除灭，也要秉公牧养他们。 (串)本章4太18:11|赛10:16

[kjv]I will seek that which was lost, and bring again that which was driven away, and will bind up that which was broken, and will strengthen that which was sick: but I will destroy the fat and the strong; I will feed them with judgment.

本会注释　　肥壮象征兴旺。兴旺往往导致忘记上帝（申32:15）。不忠心的牧人靠着掠夺羊群而致富。他们喂饱自己，而不是羊群。现在他们要受到“秉公”牧养。

结34:17 “我的羊群哪，论到你们，主耶和华如此说：我必在羊与羊中间、公绵羊与公山羊中间施行判断。 (串)太25:32-33|本章20,22

[kjv]And as for you, O my flock, thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I judge between cattle and cattle, between the rams and the he goats.

本会注释　　在羊和羊中间。上帝将在各种羊群中间进行公断。不是所有的人都能分享复兴。只有悔改归向牧者上帝的人才能得到复兴（见结34:20,22；参太25:31-46）。

结34:18 你们这些肥壮的羊，在美好的草场吃草还以为小事吗？剩下的草，你们竟用蹄践踏了；你们喝清水，剩下的水，你们竟用蹄搅浑了。 (串)结32:2

[kjv]Seemeth it a small thing unto you to have eaten up the good pasture, but ye must tread down with your feet the residue of your pastures? and to have drunk of the deep waters, but ye must foul the residue with your feet?

本会注释　　这里指责假牧人进行捣乱。他们把自己所不用的破坏了，使别人也无法使用。

结34:19 至于我的羊，只得吃你们所践踏的，喝你们所搅浑的。

[kjv]And as for my flock, they eat that which ye have trodden with your feet; and they drink that which ye have fouled with your feet.

结34:20 “所以，主耶和华如此说：我必在肥羊和瘦羊中间施行判断。

[kjv]Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD unto them; Behold, I, even I, will judge between the fat cattle and between the lean cattle.

结34:21 因为你们用胁用肩拥挤一切瘦弱的，又用角祗触，以致使他们四散。

[kjv]Because ye have thrust with side and with shoulder, and pushed all the diseased with your horns, till ye have scattered them abroad;

结34:22 所以，我必拯救我的群羊不再作掠物；我也必在羊和羊中间施行判断。 (串)本章17

[kjv]Therefore will I save my flock, and they shall no more be a prey; and I will judge between cattle and cattle.

结34:23 我必立一牧人照管他们，牧养他们，就是我的仆人大卫。他必牧养他们，作他们的牧人。 (串)赛40:11耶23:4-5约10:11|耶30:9结37:24-25何3:5

[kjv]And I will set up one shepherd over them, and he shall feed them, even my servant David; he shall feed them, and he shall be their shepherd.

本会注释　　一牧人。无疑与以前的许多首领，或以色列应该重新联合的两个王国相对比。
　　我的仆人大卫。解经家们一般认为这个预言是指弥赛亚（耶23:5,6；路1:32）。鉴于以色列从来没有接受这些应许实现的条件，这样解释是合理的。这个预言应验在道成肉身降世，后来又在荣耀中复临的耶稣身上。

结34:24 我耶和华必作他们的上帝，我的仆人大卫必在他们中间作王。这是耶和华说的。 (串)出29:45本章30结37:27|结37:22

[kjv]And I the LORD will be their God, and my servant David a prince among them; I the LORD have spoken it.

结34:25 “我必与他们立平安的约，使恶兽从境内断绝，他们就必安居在旷野，躺卧在林中。 (串)结37:26|利26:6赛11:6-9何2:18|本章28耶23:6

[kjv]And I will make with them a covenant of peace, and will cause the evil beasts to cease out of the land: and they shall dwell safely in the wilderness, and sleep in the woods.

本会注释　　以色列人进入迦南的时候，上帝曾应许赐给他们本节所提到的平安环境（利26:6）。以色列现在有机会再次成为上帝普世属灵国度的中心，并应许他们获得相应的属世利益（见结34:14,26-30）。

结34:26 我必使他们与我山的四围成为福源，我也必叫时雨落下，必有福如甘霖而降。 (串)创12:2赛19:24亚8:13|利26:4|诗68:9玛3:10

[kjv]And I will make them and the places round about my hill a blessing; and I will cause the shower to come down in his season; there shall be showers of blessing.

本会注释　　见利26:4；诗68:9；玛3:10。

结34:27 田野的树必结果，地也必有出产；他们必在故土安然居住。我折断他们所负的轭，救他们脱离那以他们为奴之人的手；那时，他们就知道我是耶和华。 (串)利26:4诗85:12赛4:2|利26:13耶2:20|耶25:14

[kjv]And the tree of the field shall yield her fruit, and the earth shall yield her increase, and they shall be safe in their land, and shall know that I am the LORD, when I have broken the bands of their yoke, and delivered them out of the hand of those that

结34:28 他们必不再作外邦人的掠物，地上的野兽也不再吞吃他们；却要安然居住，无人惊吓。 (串)本章8结36:5|本章25耶30:10;46:27

[kjv]And they shall no more be a prey to the heathen, neither shall the beast of the land devour them; but they shall dwell safely, and none shall make them afraid.

结34:29 我必给他们兴起有名的植物；他们在境内不再为饥荒所灭，也不再受外邦人的羞辱， (串)赛11:1耶23:5|结36:6,15

[kjv]And I will raise up for them a plant of renown, and they shall be no more consumed with hunger in the land, neither bear the shame of the heathen any more.

本会注释　　有名的植物。或“有名的种植园”。

结34:30 必知道我、耶和华他们的上帝是与他们同在的，并知道他们以色列家是我的民。这是主耶和华说的。 (串)本章24结37:27

[kjv]Thus shall they know that I the LORD their God am with them, and that they, even the house of Israel, are my people, saith the Lord GOD.

结34:31 你们作我的羊，我草场上的羊，乃是以色列人，我也是你们的上帝。这是主耶和华说的。” (串)诗100:3约10:11

[kjv]And ye my flock, the flock of my pasture, are men, and I am your God, saith the Lord GOD.

本会注释　　这里应用了比喻的手法。世人就像远离上帝游荡的羊群。天国的上帝屈尊与他们交往，这是多么伟大的恩典啊！

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